Top 5 Bộ Đề Thi PTE Hay Gặp Nhất Năm

Nội dung bài viết

Đối với người học PTE, việc hiểu rõ dạng đề thi là nền tảng để đạt được điểm số mong muốn. Cùng với đó, luyện tập với các bộ đề thi PTE thật giúp bạn gia tăng sự cọ xát với tình huống thực tế và cơ hội gặp lại đề tủ, từ đó xây dựng kỹ năng vững chắc để tự tin đạt điểm cao trong kỳ thi PTE.

Với sự tâm huyết và nhiều năm kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực luyện thi PTE, đội ngũ PTE HELPER đã biên soạn 5 bộ đề thi PTE gồm những câu có tỷ lệ lặp lại cao nhất Bộ đề bao gồm audio đọc mẫu từ trainer và đáp án chi tiết cho từng phần thi. Hy vọng không chỉ mang đến bạn trải nghiệm tốt từ bộ đề chất lượng mà còn giúp bạn đánh giá được kỹ năng hiện tại của mình để chuẩn bị cho kỳ thi một cách tốt nhất!

Đọc mẫu 5 câu PTE Read Aloud chuẩn PTE 90

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Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 1

NHẤN VÀO ĐÂY ĐỂ NGHE AUDIO ĐỀ THI PTE 1

PHẦN THI: Speaking

RA-2

The elephant is the largest living land mammal. During evolution, its skeleton has greatly altered from the usual mammal, design for two main reasons. One is to cope with the great weight of huge grinding cheek teeth and elongated tusk teeth, making the skull particularly massive. The other is to support the enormous bulk of such a huge body.

RA-18

As to the Industrial Revolution, one cannot dispute today the fact that it has succeeded in inaugurating in a number of countries a level of mass prosperity which was undreamt of in the days preceding the Industrial Revolution. But, on the immediate impact of Industrial Revolution, there were substantial divergences among writers.

RA-747

One of the strangest things about tickling is that it’s pretty much impossible for a person to tickle himself or herself. The reason you can’t tickle yourself is that when you move a part of your own body, a part of your brain monitors the movement and anticipates the sensations that it will cause.

RA-55

In comparing material with non-material culture, the first being the objects and technologies we create, and the second our customs, beliefs and attitudes, the speaker gives greater emphasis to the material culture. He gives the example of the development of genetic science and the benefits it has brought to mankind, despite a fair amount of opposition.

RA-600

Despite many similarities with literary-political debates in other nations, there are also ways in which the cultural and political situation in Scotland has left the study of Scottish Literature in a significantly different condition from that of literary studies in many other parts of the world.

RA-547

Written by ten eminent professors, it had been updated to reflect the shifts of sociological thought in the last five years, making it the most comprehensive, authoritative, and contemporary dictionary available. It was essential reading for all students and teachers of sociologies and other related courses, and also for the general reader.

RS-644

All students are encouraged to vote in the forthcoming elections.

RS-1166

I thought the mid-term exam was only worth half of our course grade.

RS-1475

We need to encourage children to take the responsibility for their choice.

RS-650

Advertisements have to appeal to people of different ages, socioeconomic groups, and sexes.

RS-1665

There was a lack of objectivity in the way the candidates were judged.

RS-865

The wheelchair grade walk to Russell Falls is the most popular track in the park.

RS-1321

The college provides an advice service to support students with financial, emotional, and other problems.

RS-1122

The new professor used to work in a world bank.

RS-1212

She feared becoming an object of ridicule.

RS-211

I didn’t agree with all his arguments, but his presentation was good.

DI-11

Suggested keywords: Sun, moon, earth, penumbra, umbra, earth’s, orbit, total, eclipse, partial, moon’s

DI-106

Suggested keywords: Men, women, number, of, people, drama, painting, sculpture, language, aged, under, 20, 29, from, to, 30, 39, 40, 49, 50, or, over, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 5, percent, 11, 16, 26, 42

DI-119

Suggested keywords: Sun, clouds, rain, evaporation, waterfall, ocean, mountain, snows, the, water, cycle, house, trees, sea, creatures, octopus

DI-77

Suggested keywords: product, sales, by, month, x, january, february, march, april, may, june, july, august, september, october, november, december, value, dollar, 20000, 0, 40000, 60000, 80000, 100000, 82000, 35000, 25000, 13000, 21000, 32000, 29000, 45000, 72000, 65000

RL-102

Transcript: So today we’re going to talk about children’s literature and the role it plays in society. Throughout history adults have used the power of stories to entertain and amuse their children. But stories are not used merely to entertain youngsters, they have a significant educational purpose. They serve to teach the moral values of their society. In sociological terms, stories are one of the means by which children are socialized.
How does this work in practice? Well, it often makes use of heroes, the characters in the stories who the children will admire and want to be like. The heroes of children’s stories, therefore, exemplify the qualities valued by that society – they will typically demonstrate courage in the face of difficulty, honesty, consideration for others, loyalty to their family and friends, a respect for work and so on. You can see this happening from the fables of ancient societies through fairy tales and folk tales right up to modern day children’s stories. For example, the hard-working ant in Aesop’s fable is shown to succeed in comparison with the grasshopper who spends the summer singing and has nothing to eat when winter comes. Similarly, it is Cinderella, the honest, hard-working sister, who wins the Prince rather than her cruel, lazy step-sisters. However, there is still usually something to entertain children, even in the most morally instructive of stories.

RL-166

Transcript: Straight salary sales compensation plans aren’t very common, but they do have a place in some organizations. With this type of structure, you’d pay your sales people a straight albeit competitive salary like all of your other employees, and nothing else. No bonuses, no commissions, and few, if any, sales incentives.
This type of compensation plan is most often used when the industry you operate within prohibits direct sales, when sales people work as part of small groups or teams and all contributions are equal, when your sales team is relatively small, or when your sales people are expected to spend much of their time on other responsibilities other than selling.
However, these plans don’t tend to offer motivation to sales people, as there are no incentives for them to work harder.
Salary plus commission sales compensation plans are possibly the most common plans used today. They’re structured in a way that sales people receive a lower base salary along with commission pay that makes up the majority of the total compensation.
Organizations use salary plus commission sales compensation plans when there are opportunities to support all sales people on this structure and when there are proper metrics in place for tracking sales to ensure that the splits are fair and accurate.
This type of plan is often the better choice as opposed to straight salary because it offers motivation to increase productivity and to achieve goals. It also offers more stability. Sales people will still get some types of pay even if they’re in training, when sales are low during certain months, or if market conditions get volatile. However, it can be more complex to administer.
Commission only sales compensation plans are exactly what they sound like you pay your sales people for the sales they bring in and nothing else. There is no guarantee of income.
These types of plans are easier to administer than salary plus commission and provide better value for your money paid as they are based solely on sales achieved. They also tend to attract fewer candidates, but do attract the most top-performing and hardest working sales professionals who know they can make a good income because they know how to sell. On the other hand, though, they can create aggression within your sales team and low income security, which can lead to a high turnover rate, and sales rep burnout from stress.

ASQ-303

How often is an annual conference held in one year?

ASQ-964

What do we describe an event which happens once every year?

ASQ-108

What do we call the list of steps, which tells you to put something together?

ASQ-990

If knees are located in your legs, where are elbows located?

ASQ-880

What do we call the opening in the face used for speaking and eating?

ASQ-326

What do guitars and violins have in common?

GỢI Ý ĐÁP ÁN:

ASQ-303: Once a year

ASQ-964: Annual

ASQ-108: Instructions

ASQ-990: Arms.

ASQ-880: Mouth.

ASQ-326: strings

KỸ NĂNG: Writing

Writing – Summarize Written Text 1

SWT-205

Increasing global demand for low-cost timber products supports a multi-billion dollar business of illegal and unsustainable logging in forests worldwide. According to some estimates, logging in violation of national laws accounts for 8-10% of global production and trade in forest products. It also represents 40-50% of all logging in some of the most valuable and threatened forests on earth. Consumption of tropical timber by the US and other industrial countries plays a significant role in tropical deforestation.
Trade in forest products has increased significantly over the past 50 years, especially in processed wood products such as sawn timber, pulpwood, board, and wood-based panels. According to the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization, wood-based panel trade has skyrocketed 800 percent in the past three decades.
WWF believes that demand for responsible forest products in international trade can provide enormous incentives for sustainable forest management. However, in the absence of appropriate forest management policies, environmental and social safeguards, and responsible demand, trade can negatively impact forest conservation.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 2

SWT-13

In its periodic quest for culinary identity, Australia automatically looks to its indigenous ingredients, the foods that are native to this country. “There can be little doubt that using an indigenous product must qualify a dish as Australian”, notes Stephanie Alexander. Similarly, and without qualification, Cherikoff states that “A uniquely Australian food culture can only be based upon foods indigenous to this country”, although, as Craw remarks, proposing Australian native foods as national symbols rely more upon their association with ‘nature’ and geographic origin than on common usage. Notwithstanding the lack of justification for the premise that national dishes are, of necessity, founded on ingredients native to the country—after all, Italy’s gastronomic identity is tied to the non-indigenous tomato, Thailand’s to the non-indigenous chili—the reality is that Australians do not eat indigenous foods in significant quantities. The exceptions are fish, crustaceans and shellfish from oceans, rivers and lakes, most of which are unarguably unique to this country. Despite valiant and well-intentioned efforts today at promoting and encouraging the consumption of native resources, bush foods are not harvested or produced in sufficient quantities for them to be a standard component of Australian diets, nor are they generally accessible.
Indigenous foods are less relevant to Australian identity today than lamb and passionfruit, both initially imported and now naturalized.

PHẦN THI: Writing – Essay

ESSAY-38

Nowadays university education is considered very important for people’s future. However, there are a lot of successful people who didn’t get higher education. Do you think that higher education is necessary to succeed in life? Justify your opinion with relevant examples.

PHẦN THI: Reading

RFIB-361

The practice of giving storms personal names appears to have contaminated • laminated • originated • vaccinated with Clement Wragge, an Australian meteorologist who in the 1890s entertained himself by naming storms after women, mythical configures • figuration • figurative • figures, and politicians that he didn’t like. The modern system of using personal names developed during World War II, when meteorologists began using women’s names — often those of wives or girlfriends — instead of awesome • cumbersome • wholesome • worrisome designations based on latitude and longitude. Short and quickly understood, names were easier to transect • transform • transfuse • transmit over the radio and easier to keep straight if there was more than one storm in a given area. The system was decentralized • formalized • immortalized • rationalized in 1953 when the National Weather Service put together an alphabetical list of female names to be used for storms in the Atlantic basin. Male names were added to the list in 1979 when women’s groups pointed out the sexism of using only female names.

ĐÁP ÁN: originated | figures | cumbersome | transmit | formalized

RFIB-109

Over the past ten years, Australian overseas departures have grown from 1.7 million to 3.2 million. This confirms • means • represents • triggers strong average, annual growth of 6.5 per cent. This paper analyses • controls • declares • eliminates outbound travel demand to each destination country using the travel demand models of short-term resident departures. The models are specified in terms of a double logarithmic linear functional form, with overseas departures as the dependent variable and real household disposable • dispose • disposed • disposing income, prices of travel and accommodation in Australia, and overseas and the exchange rate as independent drivers • facts • parties • variables.

The models were estimated using historical time series data from 1973 to 1998. The data were obtained from several banks • regions • schemes • sources such as the World Tourism Organization, Australian Bureau of Statistics, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund. The results suggest that the estimated elasticity parameters are argued • commit • consistent • relevant with standard economic theory. The number of short-term resident departures is positively influenced by per capita real household disposable income; the price of domestic travel and accommodation are navigate • negative • negatively • negotiation influenced by the price of travel and accommodation overseas.

The estimated demand models were used to develop the Tourism Forecasting Council’s long-run forecasts. The forecasts suggest that the number of short-term resident departures will increase strongly over the next ten years, largely due to the strength of the Australian economy, competitive travel prices, and Australian’s interest in dealing • experiencing • undertaking • utilizing different cultures and lifestyles.

RFIB-322

Victoria University of Wellington has conferred an honorary degree on a distinguished astrophysicist in a recent graduation ceremony. Professor Warrick Couch had received • is received • received • was receiving the honorary degree of Doctor of Science for his remarkable contribution to our knowledge of galaxies and dark energy. Professor Couch is a distinguished astrophysicist who has done • found • led • played a crucial role in the discovery that the Universe is expanding at an accelerating rate, a finding which led to the lead scientists being awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2011, which he attended in recognition of his contribution. In his research, Professor Couch uses large ground-based and space-based telescopes to observe galaxy clusters, they • those • which • who are the largest structures in the Universe. He is also involved in a number of national and international committees overseeing the management of these telescopes. As a result of • In addition to • Instead of • Regarding his own research activities, Professor Couch has worked to support young researchers and provide public comment on astronomy internationally.

ĐÁP ÁN: received | played | which | In addition to

RFIB-248

The electrons that orbit closest to the nucleus are strongly absorbed • adopted • attracted • repelled. They are called bound electrons. The electrons that are farther away from the pull of nucleus can be forced out of their orbits • patterns • rotations • trajectories. These are called free electrons. Free electrons can carry • drift • jump • move from one atom to another. This movement is known as electron current • flow • flux • stream. Electricity is the movement or flow of electrons from one atom to another. A condition of imbalance is necessary to have a movement of electrons. In a normal atom, the positively charged nucleus balances the negatively charged electrons. This holds them in circle • flow • line • orbit. If an atom loses electrons, it becomes positive in charge. It attracts more electrons in order to get its balance • positive • power • strong.

A conductor is any material that allows a good electron flow and conducts electricity. A good conductor must be made of atoms that give off free electrons easily. Also, the atoms must be close enough to each other so that the free electron orbits overlap. Combustion • Electronic • Ignition • Modern systems use copper and aluminium wires to conduct electricity. They allow good electron flow.

RFIB-249

Social reforms are normally initiated as a result of process • rational • statistical • structural analyses of factors such as crime rates and poverty levels etc. Large-scale population can result from evaluation • inspections • observation • projections devised by statisticians. Manufacturers can provide better products at lower costs by convicting • maintaining • retaining • using statistical control tools, such as control charts. Diseases are controlled through analyses designed to anticipate • cure • participate • practice epidemics. Endangered species of fish and other wildlife are hunted • managed • protected • rescued through regulations and laws that react to statistical estimates of changing population sizes. Even • In spite of • Therefore • Through statistical analysis of fatality rates, legislators can better justify laws, such as those governing air pollution, auto inspections, seat belt and airbag use, and drunk driving.

RFIB-440

Wind is air moving around. Some winds can move as • for • in • to fast as a racing car, over 100 miles an hour • micro second • minute • second. Winds can travel around the world. Wind can make you feel cold because you lose heat from your body faster • higher • lower • slower when it is windy. Weather forecasters need to check • fix • know • overshoot the speed and direction of the wind. The strength of wind is measured using the Beaufort scale from wind force when there is no wind, to wind force 12 which can damage houses and buildings and is called hurricane force.

ĐÁP ÁN: as | hour | faster | know

RMCMA-2

Imagine visiting your doctor for an annual exam—only this time the checkup begins not with a physical but with a routine sequencing of your genome.
Using information from the test, your physician not only diagnoses the diseases you are most susceptible to but also selects the types and doses of medication best suited to help you combat the maladies. It’s called personalized medicine. And no, it doesn’t mean your doctor will be extra kind or personable.
The term broadly refers to the detection, treatment, and prevention of diseases based on a person’s unique genetic makeup, and many people believe it will revolutionize health care.
“When you go to your physician ten years from now virtually all of the decisions about diagnosis and treatment will be based on individual information about your particular circumstance as opposed to a more general kind of approach to lots of other people in your general circumstance,” said genome expert Francis Collins.
Collins led the international effort to sequence the human genome, which was completed in 2003. That effort was followed by the creation of a map of human genetic variation. The genome contains tens of thousands of genes, which code for proteins and other molecules that make life possible.
Although there are some three billion “letters” in the human DNA code, 99.9 percent are identical between any two people. The small remaining differences hold clues about why people tend to develop particular diseases.
“We now have the technology to assess in people with disease, versus those who don’t have the disease, which of those [genetic] variances seem to be overrepresented,” Collins said.
“We are on the brink of discovering what are the hereditary factors in diabetes, heart disease, in the common cancers, high blood pressure, asthma, mental illness—virtually any disease you can think of that tends to run in families.

Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

People should not have genome screenings
Physicians are gaining testing skills
Personalized medicine will improve health care
There are medical discoveries to be made through personalized medicine
General medicine practices are becoming outdated
Some diseases tend to be hereditary

RMCMA-44

Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to get things done. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s member. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group then with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.

Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from the passage?

A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group.
Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person.
A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership.
Instrumental leadership are more concerned with the targets of the group than with supporting emotionally to group members.
Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications.

GỢI Ý ĐÁP ÁN:

RMCMA-2: C, E, F

RMCMA-44: A, D

ROP-59

A. An autotroph is an organism that is able to create complex organic molecules from inorganic ones.
B. Autotrophs make up the base of the energy pyramid and must be the most abundant in terms of biomass since they support every creature above them.
C. However, its energy cannot be directly used by most creatures.
D. In most cases, the sun is the source of the planet’s energy.
E. Thus, it falls upon autotrophs to capture the sun’s rays and to convert them into a chemical form of energy that can be used.

ĐÁP ÁN:

An autotroph is an organism that is able to create complex organic molecules from inorganic ones. In most cases, the sun is the source of the planet’s energy. However, its energy cannot be directly used by most creatures. Thus, it falls upon autotrophs to capture the sun’s rays and to convert them into a chemical form of energy that can be used. Autotrophs make up the base of the energy pyramid and must be the most abundant in terms of biomass since they support every creature above them.

ROP-157

A. But sheer population growth isn’t the only reason we’ll need more food.
B. If these trends continue, the double whammy of population growth and richer diets will require us to roughly double the amount of crops we grow by 2050.
C. The spread of prosperity across the world, especially in India and China, is driving an increased demand for meat, eggs and dairy, boosting pressure to grow more corn and soybeans to feed more cattle, pigs and chickens.
D. We’ll likely have two billion more mouths to feed by mid-century – more than nine billion people.

ĐÁP ÁN:

We’ll likely have two billion more mouths to feed by mid-century – more than nine billion people. But sheer population growth isn’t the only reason we’ll need more food. The spread of prosperity across the world, especially in India and China, is driving an increased demand for meat, eggs and dairy, boosting pressure to grow more corn and soybeans to feed more cattle, pigs and chickens. If these trends continue, the double whammy of population growth and richer diets will require us to roughly double the amount of crops we grow by 2050.

DD-236

I use the word civilization now for the first time, because before the Bronze Age there is nothing that we would define as civilization. Civilization involves the establishment of permanent dwelling areas that we call cities as opposed to villages. Agricultural villages will have existed all over the place in the late Stone Age, in the Neolithic Period, as it is known. But there is a difference and the critical difference is that a city contains a number of people who do not provide for their own support. That is to say, they don’t produce food. They need to acquire it from somebody else. Instead, they do various things like governing and are priests, and are bureaucrats, and are engaged in other nonproductive activities that depend upon others to feed them. That’s the narrowest definition of cities.

Other Options

Harvest | participated | regions | trade

DD-278

Monitoring animals is hard work. Field biologists have to follow tracks made by the animals and look out for fruit that they might like in order to find the animals, whether it be walking through rivers, up and down slippery hillsides with dense vegetation or through thick mud and swamps.

Other Options

Check | stick | whereas

DD-197

Durkheim found humanistic studies uninteresting, turning his attention from psychology and philosophy to ethics and eventually, sociology. He graduated with a degree in philosophy in 1882. Durkheim’s views could not get him a major academic appointment in Paris, so from 1882 to 1887 he taught philosophy at several provincial schools. In 1885 he left for Germany, where he studied sociology for two years. Durkheim’s period in Germany resulted in the publication of numerous articles on German social science and philosophy, which gained recognition in France, earning him a teaching appointment at the University of Bordeaux in 1887.

Options

Attendance | led | went

DD-266

So why the concern? It’s partly because radioactivity is invisible. If you receive a large dose, or if you ingest radioactive heavy metals, it is certainly toxic, and we tend to associate it with cancer, a great fear in modern society. Nuclear waste is also highly concentrated.

Other Options

Combine | institution | that

DD-216

Creating a Nation and a Society examines U.S. history as revealed through the experiences of all Americans, both ordinary and extraordinary. With a thought-provoking and rich presentation, the authors explore the complex lives of Americans of all national origins and cultural backgrounds, at all levels of society, and in all regions of the country.

Other Options

Beliefs | events | materials

RMCSA-39

Sometimes too much of a good thing can become a very bad thing indeed. In an earnest attempt to consume a healthy diet, dietary supplement enthusiasts have been known to overdose. Vitamin C, for example, long thought to help people ward off cold viruses, is currently being studied for its possible role in warding off cancer and other diseases that cause tissue degeneration. Unfortunately, an overdose of vitamin C – more than 10,000 mg. – on a daily basis can cause nausea and diarrhea. Calcium supplements, commonly taken by women, are helpful in warding off osteoporosis. More than just a few grams a day, however, can lead to stomach upset and even kidney or bladder stones. Niacin, proven useful in reducing cholesterol levels, can be dangerous in large doses to those who suffer from heart problems, asthma, or ulcers.

What point is the writer making in this paragraph?

A. Supplements taken in excess can be a bad thing indeed.

B. Dietary supplement enthusiasts have been known to overdose.

C. Vitamins can cause nausea, diarrhea, and kidney or bladder stones.

D. People who take supplements are preoccupied with their health.

RMCSA-25

Andrew Carnegie (November 25, 1835 – August 11, 1919) was a Scottish-American industrialist, business magnate, and philanthropist. Carnegie led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century and is often identified as one of the richest people (and richest Americans) ever. He became a leading philanthropist in the United States, and in the British Empire. During the last 18 years of his life, he gave away about $350 million to charities, foundations, and universities—almost 90 percent of his fortune. His 1889 article proclaiming “The Gospel of Wealth” called on the rich to use their wealth to improve society, and stimulated a wave of philanthropy. Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, and immigrated to the United States with his parents in 1848. Carnegie started work as a telegrapher, and by the 1860s had investments in railroads, railroad sleeping cars, bridges, and oil derricks. He accumulated further wealth as a bond salesman, raising money for American enterprise in Europe. He built Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Steel Company, which he sold to J.P. Morgan in 1901 for $480 million. It became the U.S. Steel Corporation. After selling Carnegie Steel, he surpassed John D. Rockefeller as the richest American for the next couple of years. Carnegie devoted the remainder of his life to large-scale philanthropy, with special emphasis on local libraries, world peace, education, and scientific research. In his final days, Carnegie suffered from pneumonia. Before his death on August 11, 1919, Carnegie had donated $350,695,654 for various causes. The “Andrew Carnegie Dictum” was:
1st.To spend the first third of one’s life getting all the education one can.
2nd. To spend the next third making all the money one can.
3rd. To spend the last third giving it all away for worthwhile causes.

The “Andrew Carnegie Dictum” had 3 parts. In the brief passage above, which part do we not see much evidence for?

A. The 1st

B. The 2nd

C. The 3rd

D. There are clear examples of all of the parts above.

ĐÁP ÁN:

RMCSA-39: A

RMCSA-25: A

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 1

SST-187

Because of the economic model, the newspaper industry has been shrinking drastically from the last 50 years of the 20th century in some states of America. Also as the economic model changed, newspapers increased the cash flow. However, there are still some newspaper industries losing money because of a decrease in advertising and buyers. They can’t find buyers. Only a few newspapers have positive cash flow. Over 100 newspapers with cash flow in red had no money to publish the newspaper everyday. Some of them published three days per week. Small-sized newspapers only published once a week and had to go online. Some newspapers even disappeared. The staff working in newspaper industry decreased by 30-60% or more.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 2

SST-265

The lecturer talked about sea breeze was an onshore breeze which develops around the coastlines of seas. (S)he firstly indicated the large temperature difference between the sea and adjacent land areas. Moreover, (s)he explained water had a higher specific heat capacity so it required more energy to raise the temperature. (S)he finally concluded peak sea surface temperatures were not reached until early autumn. (63 words)

KỸ NĂNG: Listening

LMCMA-54

Reason that the man being interviewed: (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

A. was in belief to see some of his old lecturers.

B. graduated with his degree in politics.

C. did not focus enough on the coursework as a student

D. normally teach at another university

E. is a political journalist by profession

LMCMA-44

What does the speaker say about the university’s space program? (Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

A. Scientists have managed to make the journey to explore the solar system much easier than in the past.

B. The equipment essential for space missions is extremely expensive.

C. The process of developing technology for a space mission must not exceed 20 years.

D. Scientists are allowed to fail, because this is an enormously competitive era.

E. One project from concept to the actual deployment can take scientists up to 15 to 20 years.

ĐÁP ÁN:

LMCMA-54: B, E
LMCMA-44: B, E

LFIB-190

The Democratic Republic of the Congo will hold an election in December, hopefully leading to a peaceful democratic transfer of power for the first time in the country’s history.

Sitting President Joseph Kabila came to power in 2001, having succeeded his father, Laurent Désiré Kabila, after his assassination. Joseph Kabila was elected as President in 2006 for a five-year term, and re-elected in 2011. Though his second term ended in 2016 and the DRC constitution prevents him from seeking a third term, elections were not held and Kabila remained in power.

LFIB-36

So a virus is something that you can’t see by normal light microscopy, you need very advanced techniques for electron microscopy to see it, but that virus is not able to reproduce itself without a host and us as human beings are made up of lots of different cell types and we are interested in understanding at the molecular level how that virus infects the liver and why does it infect the liver and it doesn’t infect the heart or it doesn’t infect other tissues?

LFIB-65

I think it’s often underestimated the connection between doing research, live research, and teaching undergraduates and the undergraduate programmes – because, of course, if you’re working at CERN on a frontier experiment you come back to give a lecture, you’re buzzing with activity of what’s going on, your new results; it just makes the whole lecture much more interesting for students. It’s always really exciting to look ahead at new science and what might happen in the future. I must say, lots depends on what we find in the next few years at the start of the Large Hadron Collider. We are expecting to find very many new phenomena. So the thing we’ll want to be building in ten years’ time will depend on what we find.

HCS-65

Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

A. Aircraft costs are the same no matter how much or little aircraft are used. The company would like to use the aircraft more than at present, but need to maintain them and make sure they are in the right place for maintenance.

B. The companies are losing money as the aircrafts are not being used enough. They would like to use the aircraft more than at present as they could increase their profits but maintain are limit more flying time each day.

C. The aircraft are losing value and require too much maintenance for the company. This is a concern as the company would like to use the aircraft more often. However, other departments in the company object it as they consider safety issues of priority.

D. The cost of flying aircraft is too high that each hour the aircraft are used each day means that running costs increase. This limits the amount of time the aircraft can be used because flying them is not cost effective.

HCS-76

Note: Real Audio – Real Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

A. The speaker looks at the etymology of the words, “theory” and “practice”, and how they have changed their meanings throughout the history. He says that that originally, they both meant the same thing, but over the year, they have become very different.

B. The speaker talks about the etymology of the word “theory” and how it has been used over the years. Originally, it means “practice”, but has since changed to the meaning as we understand it today. He would like to use the word in its original meaning.

C. The speaker talks about how the meaning of the word “theory” has changed at different times. In some periods, it has had the same meaning as “practice” while in others, it has slightly different meaning. This is the meaning he prefers to use.

D. The speaker looks at the word “theory” and “practice” and tells us how they have differed in their meanings until quite recently. He goes onto say that theory can exist without practice, but that practice cannot exist without theory.

ĐÁP ÁN:

HCS-65: A
HCS-76: C

LMCSA-7

The attitude expressed towards political staffers by this interviewee is best described as: (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Tentative
Disdainful
Supportive
Aloof

LMCSA-62

How would you describe this speaker’s attitude towards democracy? (Note: Real audio – Real options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

it is not suitable for some countries.
it should be promoted in all countries.
some countries are not ready for it.

SMW-29

the fact
] the truth
silently
the truthfulness
the consequences

SMW-55

eclipse
history
night
moon

ĐÁP ÁN:

LMCSA-7: B
LMCSA-62: B
SMW-29: B
SMW-55: A

HIW-65

“A: Hey, how’s it going?

B: Good. Need any help?

A: Uh, yeah, I was in maybe a month ago. Uhm… I bought a hat. Uh, It’s… uh, it’s a black hat with red stamps • letters. It said PDX on the… on the front of it. I don’t see it anywhere around here. Do you still have those?

B: Hmmm… No, I don’t think so. Do you see where the t-shirts • shirts are, over there in the back right corner? The hats are just between them and the shelf, a little bit further around the shelf • corner. But that hat doesn’t sound familiar. Have a look though. It might be here • there.

A: “Oh, uh, okay. Well, I’ll take a look. Thanks.”

ĐÁP ÁN: stamps | t-shirts | shelf | here

HIW-24

“It’s terrific to have some spare real estate and some spare capability • capacity on these cards made available for public use. But I’d like a more sophisticated vision that says this isn’t just an extra 20 kilobytes of memory that I can play with; I’d like to see card function that was made available for that • third party use. I’d like to see memory made available with memory protections; I’d like protected memory that could be used to keep • hold health identifiers and personal credentials. I’d like to see this technology used for electronic voicing • voting and electronic sensor • census collection, by using the spare capacity in the card.” (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

ĐÁP ÁN: capability | that | keep | voicing | sensor

WFD-1480

Historical cities are financially dependent on tourism as income.

WFD-1870

You will find an academic pathway suitable for you here.

WFD-500

The study of ancient civilisation can teach us about our society today.

WFD-1803

This occupation requires a good demand of Spanish and French.

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 2

NHẤN VÀO ĐÂY ĐỂ NGHE AUDIO ĐỀ THI PTE 2

KỸ NĂNG: Speaking

RA-306

Our field teams have come across fish in distress or even eels stranded and it is simply that the water’s got too hot. Often dissolved oxygen concentrations go down as water temperature increases and animals may seek refuge outside the water, or in fact they may be stranded if the water’s evaporating very quickly.

RA-440

Nowadays the use of electronic computers has led to far more complex “computing”. Modern day computing is not just about the operation and use of computers. The electrical processes that take place within computer hardware, as well as the theoretical concepts and logical surrounding computers, are all associated with modern day computing.

RA-456

Research indicates that more than 60% of customers are now willing to complain most of the time, a 10% increase in five years. 61% say they expect a telephone complaint to be reserved on the same day compared to 51% in 2001.

RA-103

The College has a fascinating museum dedicated to archaeology and anthropology. It contains information about many of the studies which have been carried out by members of the College over the 500 years of its existence. There are many unique exhibits brought back from excavations and explorations in all the continents.

RA-501

A pharmacist’s duty is not simply preparing the drugs which are prescribed by a general practitioner or other health professional. It is to deliver optimal pharmaceutical care, by assessing the suitability of the medication for a particular patient, taking into account their medical history, as well as possible side effects and interactions with other drugs that are being used.

RA-391

The human animal’s status as the only clever tool-user who can talk about our feelings is crumbling. Prairie dogs can make up words for new animals. Crows are born with the bones of a lost family member. Elephants recognise and stroke the bones of a lost family member. As biologists delve into these subjects, they’re demonstrating that we’re not nearly as unique as we once thought. It’s the perfect time, scientifically speaking, to reassess our place in the animal kingdom.

RS-1159

All undergraduate students should participate in the seminar.

RS-615

Anyone who has a problem with their accommodation should speak to the welfare officer.

RS-536

Please make an appointment before attending the next meeting.

RS-2064

The young girl is very knowledgeable about plant diseases and their causes.

RS-578

Please take the optimeter in the chemistry lab.

RS-1243

Companies are offering us all kinds of internet connected devices.

RS-1729

The art course has been cancelled due to the new policy.

RS-269

He was constantly looking for ways to bring industry and agriculture closer together.

RS-1088

Vocabulary in a special field is jargon.

RS-828

Next week’s assignment will be similar to last week’s.

DI-42

Suggested keywords: Manufacturing, output, in, the, uk, year, percentage, 94, 92, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, line

DI-199

Suggested keywords: Income, by, age, and, gender, in, the, uk, both, male, female, lines, under, over, median, pre-tax, 0, 5000, 10000, 15000, 20000, 25000, 30000, 20, 24, 25, 29, 30, 34, 35, 39, 40, 44, 45, 49, 50, 54, 55, 59, 60, 64, 70, 74, 75, euro

DI-164

Suggested keywords: How, solar, lights, yard, work, glass, cover, cells, photoresistor, battery, controller, board, led, lamp, bulb

DI-96

Suggested keywords: merlot, sales, act, nsw, qld, vic, 32305, 28190, 33373, 37583, Australian, Capital, Territory, Queensland.New, South, Wales, Victoria

RL-86

One of the most surprising insights from Einstein is that time is not what we intuitively think it is, right? Most of us have this sense that time for you is the same as time for me. And sometimes there is a cosmic clock that out there taking second after second after second, dragging it’s all in exactly the same way into the future. Einstein found that if you and I are moving relative to each other, however, our clocks don’t take off the time at the same rate. Our watches if they were once in sync if we’re moving relatively to each other, they fall out synchronization. And what is that mean? All that means that what I consider to be happening right now at a given moment, from your perspective, that might be the past or might be the future? What you consider to be happening right now to me that may be the past or the future. Now since your view of reality is every bit as valid as my view of reality. That means you cannot really say the past is gone because that might be your now, your reality. You cannot really say that the future is yet to be, maybe the future to me might be your now, your reality at that given moment, so in a sense past, present and future are all equally really, all exist, all out there.

RL-178

This is a bomb calorimeter; this is the actual piece of equipment that researchers used to calculate the energy content of either biodiesel or maybe even the potato chips that you had for lunch today. When they calculate the amount of energy. They’re going to calculate it in heat unites which would either be joules or calories. I want you to look inside the bomb calorimeter inside here, you can see that there’s a silver bucket water goes all in here and this is actually the bomb is the smaller silver cylinder what you do is put your fuel sample in there then these two electrodes are connected to the bomb. These provide the spark that will ignite your sample when your sample burns or combust that gives off energy. So how is the energy collected or how did a scientist figure out how much energy is being given off. Well, it’s a closed system, there’s a lid here that goes on top of this calorimeter and what’s in here in the lid is a stirrer. The stir is going to stir the water. That’s in this big pool here so that the heat given off from the sample is going to warm the water in a uniform way. This is the temperature probe, this goes down in the water also and measures the change in temperature because as the sample is burned, it will give off heat and the temperature the water will increase. So the lid goes on the sample is prepared. The last thing that you need to make a combustion reaction happen is oxygen and at some point during the process, some oxygen is added by a tank. That’s connected to the calorimeter here. So we are going to burn a sample of the biodiesel that you’ve prepared and get some feedback on the energy content of it. You’ll be able to use this to compare it to petroleum-based fuels like octane.

ASQ-98

What do ornithologists study, humans, birds or machines?
—
Birds

ASQ-139

What is a violent conflict between two or more countries?
—
War

ASQ-422

You get personalized teaching in the lecture or in a tutor?
—
In a tutor

ASQ-218

Where do we find urban areas – in a city or countryside?
—
In a city

ASQ-1160

What is the straight line between the center of a circle and any point on its outer edge?
—
Radius.

ASQ-944

What is the payment of a student’s education by an organization called?
—
Scholarship / fellowship.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 1

SWT-143

Promoting active lifestyles can help us address some of the important challenges facing the UKtoday. Increasing physical activity has the potential to improve the physical and mental healthof the nation, reduce all-cause mortality and improve life expectancy. It can also save moneyby significantly easing the burden of chronic disease on the health and social care services.

Increasing cycling and walking will reduce transport costs, save money and help theenvironment. Fewer car journeys can reduce traffic, congestion and pollution, improving thehealth of communities.

Other potential benefits linked to physical activity in children and young people include theacquisition of social skills through active play (leadership, teamwork and co-operation), betterconcentration in school and displacement of anti-social and criminal behavior. The importanceof physical activity for health was identified over 50 years ago. During the 1950s, comparisonsof bus drivers with more physically active bus conductors and office-based telephonists withmore physically active postmen demonstrated lower rates of coronary heart disease and smalleruniform sizes in the more physically active occupations.

This research led the way for further investigation, and evidence now clearly shows theimportance of physical activity in preventing ill health. It is important for us to be activethroughout our lives. Physical activity is central to a baby’s normal growth and development.

This continues through school, and into adulthood and older years. Being physically active canbring substantial benefits and there is consistent evidence of a dose–response relationship, i.e.the greater the volume of physical activity undertaken, the greater the health benefits that areobtained.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 2

SWT-200

Tradition and commerce often clash in many cultures. In Trinidad, it is the Carnival that is the cause of current friction. The complaint, as you would expect, is that traditional skills and creativity are being lost in the rush to make profits. And the profits are large: the two-day festival, which attracts up to 40,000 tourists each year, is estimated to generate somewhere between $27 million and $100 million.

A particular problem for the traditionalists is that the extravagant colorful costumes people wear in the bands or processions are now largely being imported, especially from China. These costumes are cheaper and more revealing (another cause of complaint) than those made locally. Critics say these imports are a threat to traditional creations and, worse, mean sending work elsewhere. Others see turning the Carnival into a profitable and exportable industry as a progressive move, benefiting the country as a whole.

A large number of people are in two minds. On the one hand, the changes are a reflection of what people – mainly tourists – want, and bring in money. On the other, there is a desire to preserve traditions. The transformation of the bands and processions into businesses has disrupted the social order, which used to be made up of friends getting together to relax, eat and drink, and make costumes. Both sides agree, though, that the country needs to make better use of the skills of the people in the Carnival business and that the country’s resources must appeal to a wider market.

KỸ NĂNG: Writing – Essay

ESSAY-29

Nowadays, celebrities are more famous for their glamour and wealth than for their achievements, and this has set a bad example for young people. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

KỸ NĂNG: Reading

RFIB-509

Coral reefs cultivate • curb • harvest • support more marine life than any other ocean ecosystem and are, not demandingly • seemingly • specifically • surprisingly , a favorite pursuit for many divers. But as well as being physically and biologically spectacular, coral reefs also sustain the livelihoods of over half a billion people . What is more, this number is expected to appear • countdown • double • unravel in coming decades while the area of high-quality reef is expected to halve. In combination with the very real threat of climate change, which could lead to increased seawater temperatures and ocean acidification , we start to arrive at some quite frightening scenarios .

RFIB-11

The invasion of non-indigenous plants is considered a primary threat to the integrity and function of ecosystems. However, there is little quantitative or aboriginal • abstract • adjacent • experimental evidence for ecosystem impacts of invasive species. Justifications for control are often based on potential, but not presently realized, recognized or quantified, negative impacts. Should the lack of scientific certainty about the impacts of non-indigenous species result in postponing measures to prevent degradation? Recently, management of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), has been criticized for (1) lack of evidence demonstrating negative impacts of L. salicaria, and (2) management using biocontrol for lack of evidence documenting the failure of conventional control methods. Although little quantitative evidence on negative impacts on native wetland biota and wetland function was available at the onset of the control program in 1985, recent work has demonstrated that the invasion of purple loosestrife into North American freshwater wetlands alters decommissions • decompensation • decomposition • decompression rates and nutrient cycling, leads to reductions in wetland plant diversity, reduces pollination and seed output of the native Lythrum alatum, and reduces habitat compatibility • correctness • suitability • unsuitability for specialized wetland bird species such as black terns, least bitterns, pied-billed grebes, and marsh wrens. Conventional methods (physical, mechanical or chemical), have continuously failed to crop • curb • encourages • instruct the spread of purple loosestrife or to provide satisfactory control. Although a number of generalist insect and bird species utilize purple loosestrife, wetland habitat specialists are excluded by encroachment • evolution • retreat • violation of L. salicaria. We conclude that (1) negative ecosystem impacts of purple loosestrife in North America justify control of the species and that (2) deprival • despotical • detrimental • devalue effects of purple loosestrife on wetland systems and biota and the potential benefits of control outweigh potential risks associated with the introduction of biocontrol agents.

RFIB-51

The Eiffel Tower was the tallest building in the world when it was completed in 1889. It was built for the World’s Fair to claim • demonstrate • mention • support that iron could be as strong as stone while being infinitely lighter. And in fact, the wrought-iron tower is twice as tall as the masonry Washington Monument, and yet it weighs 70,000 tons less! It is repainted every seven years with 50 tons of dark brown paint.
Called “the father of the skyscraper,” the Home Insurance Building, constructed • destroyed • founded • located in Chicago in 1885 (and demolished in 1931), was 138 feet tall and ten stories. It was the first building to effectively employ a supporting arm • axis • bone • skeleton of steel beams and columns, allowing it to have many more windows than traditional masonry structures. But this new construction method made people worry that the building would fall down, leading the city to halt construction until they could alter • investigate • overlook • satisfy the structure’s safety.
In 1929, auto tycoon Walter Chrysler took part in an intense race with the Bank of Manhattan Trust Company to build the world’s tallest skyscraper. Just when it looked like the bank had captured the converged • conversed • covered • coveted title, workers at the Chrysler Building jacked a thin spire hidden inside the building through the top of the roof to win the contest (subsequently losing the title four months later to the Empire State Building). Chrysler also decorated his building to mirror his cars, with hubcaps, mudguards, and hood ornaments.

RFIB-146

Understanding the number of species we have in our marine environment is a basic • decisive • luring • visual need if we are to protect and conserve our biodiversity. This is attractive • cheap • exuberant • vital in today’s rapidly changing world, not just here in Hong Kong, but apparently • definitely • especially • usually in Southeast Asia which holds the world’s most diverse marine habitats. SWIMS is playing a major role in trying to measure and conserve these important resources, both within Hong Kong but also, together with its regional collaborators, in Southeast Asia.” said Professor Gray A. Williams, the leader of this study and the Director of HKU SWIMS. The enormous amount • array • quality • quantity of marine life in Hong Kong, however, has yet to receive its desirable level of conservation as currently only less than 2% of Hong Kong’s marine area is protected as marine parks or reserve as compared with approximately 40 % of our terrestrial area. The Government has committed to designate more new marine parks in the coming years. The Brothers Marine Park in the northern Lantau waters will be launched soon, which will bring Hong Kong’s total protected marine area to more than 2%. The research team welcomed the initiative of the new marine park as • when • whereas • while also urging the Hong Kong government to move towards the global target of at least 10% marine protected area by the year 2020 under United Nation’s Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

RFIB-461

Owls are nearly avoidance • employable • joyfulness • noiseless hunters, swooping down on prey without any warning whoosh. How do they do it? We’ve known that the leading edge of an owl’s wing has a comb of stiff beaks • claws • feathers • tracts. And the trailing edge has a flexible fringe, unlike the rigid trailing edge of a bearable • convectional • conventional • correctable bird wing. These two features contribute to a structure that derives • equals • manufactures • produces almost no noise as it rushes through the air. Now it appears that these nebulas • predators • riveters • spiracles have a third trick up their sleeves—or rather, wings—that allow them to be so silent but deadly. Researchers modeled the effect of the layer of down on the wing’s top surface. And it looks like that fluffy stuff absorbs sound too. The work was presented at a meeting of the American Physical Society’s Division of Fluid Dynamics. Mimicking the owl wing down may lead to new sound-proofing materials. Down and the other silencing features could inspire wind turbines and plane engines that produce less noise and fewer vibrations. So that all we hear is silence.

RFIB-336

UWS graduates Racha Abboud and Anna Ford, whose story first appeared in GradLife in December 2009, have absolutely • apparently • successfully • uncertainly risen through the ranks to be appointed • assigned • done • pointed Associates at leading western Sydney law firm, Coleman Greig Lawyers. The promotion marks the accumulation • consolation • culmination • trough of many years of hard work for these legal eagles • hawks • murres • pigeons who are the first to rise to this item • level • time • year from the firm’s Cadet Lawyer program with UWS.

RMCMA-42

Last week the author and broadcaster Melvyn Bragg gave a phenomenal Wilkins lecture to a rapt audience at the Royal Society. In his preamble, Bragg commented on his appreciation of the massive influence of a particular teacher on his ambition to study at Oxford. He then introduced the 90-year-old, who was in the audience, to all-round applause. An abiding memory and recognition of the influence of a teacher on our careers is deep in the hearts of many of us. Good teachers change lives. However, a report from a study I chaired on behalf of the Academy of Medical Sciences has voiced concern about the growing disengagement between research and teaching in many higher education institutions over the past few years. I noticed this change some time ago and it has quietly been spreading into the language, habits and management of these institutions. This division is leading to an erosion of the UK’s long-standing approach to research-led teaching and its deserved reputation of educational excellence. It is imperative this trend is reversed. The report focuses on the biomedical sciences but it is obvious to us that this is a generic problem and is not discipline-specific. Traditionally, teaching and research have gone hand in hand: however, the balance has been tipping. Teaching has not only been undervalued and marginalised, but is in danger of being seen as a negative attribute by institutions and their departments.

Which of the following are criticisms of the UK’s higher education made by the author?

Its standards of research have become shoddy.
Teaching is ignored by educational institutions.
Funding has decreased to such an extent that teaching is difficult.
Traditionally teaching and research have been partners in the educational process.
There is not enough emphasis on the biomedical sciences.
Its educational reputation is being tarnished.
There is a growing dichotomy between teaching and research there.

ĐÁP ÁN: B, F ,G

RMCMA-105

Huge numbers of stinging jellyfish have attacked bathers in the Mediterranean this summer, providing further evidence that the gelatinous creatures are becoming more abundant in European seas.

Researchers say the invasion is the result of a combination of climate change and overfishing of the jellyfish’s natural predators and competitors for food.

The trend is likely to worsen as water temperatures continue to rise, the scientists say.

While the species reaching European beaches aren’t considered lethal to humans, some like the purple jellyfish have a very painful sting that can cause severe swelling and an allergic reaction.

The Spanish Red Cross is reported to have treated more than 19,000 bathers for jellyfish stings in the famous Costa Brava resort region alone. Government officials have sent out boats to net the jellyfish before they reach shallow water, and many Spanish beaches have been closed. Resorts in Italy and France have also been badly affected. Red flags and signs have appeared on beaches across the western Mediterranean to warn vacationers of the danger. Last month researchers from the marine environmental group Oceana Europe, based in Madrid, Spain, discovered massive concentrations of jellyfish along Spain’s southeast coast. “We have found jellyfish all over the Mediterranean, but in this area we’ve seen concentrations of more than ten jellyfish per square meter [11 square feet],” reported head of research Ricardo Aguilar. “Wherever we look there is practically nowhere without jellyfish.”

The author uses the word “invasion” to ____________

Numerically support scientist’s findings
Offer a visual description of the numerous jellyfish
Clarify how the numbers of jellyfish indicate danger
Question whether jellyfish are actually becoming more dangerous
Warns swimmers of the dangers of jellyfish

ĐÁP ÁN: B, C

ROP-55

After a crash, he even salvaged stashes of mail from his burning aircraft and immediately phoned Alexander Varney, Peoria’s airport manager, to advise him to send a truck. He flew the mail in a de Havilland DH-4 biplane to Springfield, Peoria and Chicago, Illinois. During his tenure on the mail route, he was renowned for delivering the mail under any circumstances. After finishing first in his pilot training class, Lindbergh took his first job as the chief pilot of an airmail route operated by Robertson Aircraft Co. of Lambert Field in St. Louis, Missouri.

ĐÁP ÁN GỢI Ý:

After a crash, he even salvaged stashes of mail from his burning aircraft and immediately phoned Alexander Varney, Peoria’s airport manager, to advise him to send a truck. After finishing first in his pilot training class, Lindbergh took his first job as the chief pilot of an airmail route operated by Robertson Aircraft Co. of Lambert Field in St. Louis, Missouri. During his tenure on the mail route, he was renowned for delivering the mail under any circumstances. He flew the mail in a de Havilland DH-4 biplane to Springfield, Peoria and Chicago, Illinois.

ROP-128

The Newnes railroad was closed in 1932 after 25 years of shipping oil shale. For Newnes, that meant becoming home to thousands and thousands of glow worms. The rails were pulled out of the 600-meter tunnel, which had been bored through the sandstone in the Wollemi National Park, and the tunnel was left to its own devices. Found in massive numbers in caves, the fungus gnat larvae cling to the rocky walls of the abandoned tunnel and hunt with long, glowing strings of sticky mucus. The glow worm is a catch-all name for the bioluminescent larvae of various species, in this case, the Arachnocampa richardsae, a type of fungus gnat.

ĐÁP ÁN GỢI Ý:

For Newnes, that meant becoming home to thousands and thousands of glow worms. Found in massive numbers in caves, the fungus gnat larvae cling to the rocky walls of the abandoned tunnel and hunt with long, glowing strings of sticky mucus. The glow worm is a catch-all name for the bioluminescent larvae of various species, in this case, the Arachnocampa richardsae, a type of fungus gnat. The Newnes railroad was closed in 1932 after 25 years of shipping oil shale. The rails were pulled out of the 600-meter tunnel, which had been bored through the sandstone in the Wollemi National Park, and the tunnel was left to its own devices.

DD-161

On average, Iceland experiences a major volcanic event once every 5 years. Since the Middle Ages, a third of all the lava that has covered the earth’s surface has erupted in Iceland. However, according to a recent geological hypothesis, this estimate does not include submarine eruptions, which are much more extensive than those on the land surface.

Other Options

Activate | danalyzed | predictable

DD-243

Life in the UK 2012 provides a unique overview of well-being in the UK today. The report is the first snapshot of life in the UK to be delivered by the Measuring National Well-being program and will be updated and published annually. Well-being is discussed in terms of the economy, people and the environment. Information such as the unemployment rate or number of crimes against the person are presented alongside data on people’s thoughts and feelings, for example, satisfaction with our jobs or leisure time and fear of crime. Together, a richer picture on ‘how society is doing’ is provided.

Other Options

Cohort | compose | dpursuit

DD-131

The study of objects constitutes a relatively new field of academic enquiry, commonly referred to as material culture studies. Students of material culture seek to understand societies, both past and present, through careful study and observation of the physical or material objects generated by those societies. The source material for study is exceptionally wide, including not just human-made artefacts but also natural objects and even preserved body parts (as you saw in the film ‘Encountering a body’).
Some specialists in the field of material culture have made bold claims for its pre-eminence. In certain disciplines, it reigns supreme. It plays a critical role in archaeology, for example, especially in circumstances where written evidence is either patchy or non-existent. In such cases, objects are all scholars have to rely on in forming an understanding of ancient peoples. Even where written documents survive, the physical remains of literate cultures often help to provide new and interesting insights into how people once lived and thought, as in the case of medieval and post-medieval archaeology. In analyzing the physical remains of societies, both past and present, historians, archaeologists, anthropologists and others have been careful to remind us that objects mean different things to different people.

Other Options

Hectic | iconic | theories

DD-266

So why the concern? It’s partly because radioactivity is invisible. If you receive a large dose, or if you ingest radioactive heavy metals, it is certainly toxic, and we tend to associate it with cancer, a great fear in modern society. Nuclear waste is also highly concentrated.

Other Options

Combine | institution | that

DD-217

McLuhan’s preeminent theory was his idea that human history could be divided into four eras: the acoustic age, the literary age, the print age and the electronic age. He outlined the concept in a 1962 book called The Gutenberg Galaxy, which was released just as the television was starting to become popular. He predicted the world was entering the fourth, electronic age, which would be characterized by a community of people brought together by technology. He called it the “global village”, and said it would be an age when everyone had access to the same information through technology. The “global village” could be understood to be the internet.

Other Options

Closed | describe | dhighlighted | submerged | will

RMCSA-52

Some people prefer to avoid the bureaucracy of a big company altogether no matter how offbeat the working environment. If you are one of them, the answer may be to break out and set up on your own. Five years ago, Dan Haagman did just that by setting up computer security company 7Safe, after leaving his position as a computer security expert at the London Stock Exchange.

Haagman’s firm specialises in two areas. The first, ethical hacking, is about helping companies expose security flaws by breaking into their data. “We don’t take on ex-hackers,” he says. “It’s all very ethical so we can’t have anyone with a dodgy past.” The second, digital forensics, can involve working with the police to recover evidence from hard drives and mobile phones. For example, last November 7Safe provided expert advice and evidence that helped convict a man who had hacked into young girls’ PCs and secretly recorded them using their own webcams. He was sentenced to 10 years in prison. Specialists like Haagman often find themselves knocking down doors with law enforcement officers. “If a computer is seized in a raid, the police used to confiscate it,” Haagman explains. “Now, we have to go in and look at the data before they pull the plug. All computers and mobile devices leave a digital footprint and this must be analysed.” Knowledge of how to harvest hidden virtual information is evolving, so you need to have your finger on the pulse, he says. “It’s all moving very fast, and it offers a really exciting career as long as you are driven and willing to be constantly learning.”

Which one of the following would Haagman’s firm 7Safe be mostly likely to do as part of its business?

Bidding on stocks at the London Stock Exchange.
Helping the police examine the contents of a suspect’s computer.
Hacking into another country’s computer network to help the British spy agency.
Secretly making webcam recordings of undressed women.
Helping customers fix their broken hard drives and mobile phones

ĐÁP ÁN: B

RMCSA-86

Social scientists use particular methods to gather qualitative evidence, from observation to interview, but they also use autobiographical accounts, journalism, and other documentary maternal to flesh out and add meaning to statistics. As with reading numbers, reading textual evidence requires us to practice, to set time aside to learn how to do it, and to understand the conventional writing which operate in the different forms of writing we encounter. One of the main problems with reading textual evidence, though is that, unlike the relationship most of us have with numbers where we may use them at a pretty basic level most of us are, if anything, over-familiar with words. When we want to understand their value as social science evidence we need to forget now familiar we are with first person accounts and everyday speech – different approach to them.

Social scientists use observation, interviews and even print journalism as evidence for the claims they make. Social scientists may collect evidence through questionnaires with pre-set questions and by open-ended interviews which allow respondents to speak for themselves. They may observe social relations explicitly as social scientists or may participate themselves in a particular community to gain ‘inside’ information as participant observers.

Social scientists also draw on print journalism on occasion and may use the same sources, for example official statistics, and the work of other social scientists to support their claims.

We need to remember, though, that journalism has its own conventions. Journalists do not need to present the same rigorous referencing and support for their claims as social scientists are required to do. Most importantly, newspaper and magazine articles are written under commercial pressures. They must help to sell the newspaper by being, for instance, deliberately provocative, or by reflecting the dominant views of its readers.

According to this passage, social scientists use written sources to ____

Formulate questionnaires and interview questions
Advise them on how to collect qualitative evidence
Add information to other data they have collected
Change their understanding of numbers

ĐÁP ÁN: C

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 1

SST-61

And the pace with which the human brain has evolved over the last half million years, and more recently the last 200,000 years, has been so frighteningly rapid, that, that evolution of cognitive function and perception in different ways can only have happened through the actions of a small number of genes.
If one needed to have dozens of genes change in concert, in order to acquire the penetrating minds that we now have, and which our ancestors 500,000 years didn’t have, the evolution could not have taken, could not have occurred so quickly.
And for that reason alone, one begins to suspect that the genetic differences between people who lived 500,000 years ago, vis-à-vis their cognitive function and ours, are not so large.
Therefore, a rather small number of genes may have been responsible for conferring on us the powerful minds which we now, which most of us now, possess.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 2

SST-237

Volcanoes are scattered across the planet. About 1,500 active volcanoes can be found across the world, though countless others are on the ocean floor. Most volcanoes, whether on land or underwater, are located where tectonic plates meet. In fact, the ring of fire, a path that traces the boundaries between several tectonic plates around the Pacific Ocean, contains about 75 percent of the planet’s volcanoes.
There are several types of volcanoes, primarily classified by shape and size. Major types include stratovolcanoes, which often appear as tall steep mountains, shield volcanoes, which are flatter and dome-shaped, calderas, which are large depressions in the ground, and mid-ocean ridges, which are underwater chains of volcanic mountains.
No matter their shape or size, all volcanoes emit gas and molten rock. The Journey of these emissions begins deep underground in the Earth’s core. The core, which can burn as hot as the surface of the Sun, transfers its heat to the surrounding Rocky mantle. In doing so the heat melts some of the rock, this molten rock, or magma, is lighter than the surrounding solid rock layer, so it rises through the mantle. The magma then escapes through vents in the Earth’s crust, causing volcanic eruptions.

KỸ NĂNG: Listening

LMCMA-63

What does the interviewee say about memories? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Memories are a way to record our lives from the past until now.
Memories allow us to act in an acceptable way in the future.
We can improve our memories overtime if we practice enough.
How we view and remember our past is a continuous change.
The strongest memories tend to give us big events in the past.
Our brains make more space for each new memory.
We can be influenced to believe memories of events that are not true.

ĐÁP ÁN: B, D, G

LMCMA-58

Which of the following led the student to develop their paraplegic motorcycle? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

He had a chance to meeting with a patient who was left paralysed after an accident.
He appreciated the effort of a patient
He started his uni project
He wanted to make motorcycles safer to ride.
He needed to finance his university education.

ĐÁP ÁN: A, D

LFIB-198

First though, the U.S. government has released its monthly jobs report. It’s one measure of how the economy as a whole is doing. The report that just came out is for the month of September and it was a disappointment. Economists had expected that 479,000 jobs would have been added last month. The actual number was well below half that according to the U.S. Labor Department. It was the second month in a row that the number of jobs added to the American economy was dramatically lower than what economists predicted, and no one knows exactly why the growth in this area has slowed down. Many economists point to continued concerns about the corona virus pandemic and the Delta variant of the disease.

LFIB-59

The Mississippi River built this area, each year it would flood, it would bring in a lot of nutrients and a lot of sediment, and the sediment would settle over the marsh, and over time that sediment gets compacted. Imagine if you dig a hole in your yard and you put, and you have the pile of dirt next to it, and a week later that pile is going to be smaller because the dirt compacts. Well the same thing when the Delta was built by the Mississippi, the Delta itself compacts over time, and under a natural hydrology the river would bring sediments back out to those areas and deposit sediments on top of areas that are subsiding, and so we actually build land with an active delta.

LFIB-195

President Trump has reluctantly signed into law a congressional bill imposing sanctions on Russia over its policy in Ukraine and alleged meddling in last year’s US presidential election. Afterwards, he called the legislation seriously flawed, saying it encroachedon his powers to negotiate foreign policy and hurt the interests of European allies. The company that provided the Venezuelan voting system for the controversial constituent assembly elections says the turnout figure was inflated by at least one million. The speaker of the opposition-controlled National Assembly called on prosecutors to open a criminal investigation immediately.

HCS-7

Note: Real Audio – Real Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

It is extremely difficult for a modern audience to enjoy watching Shakespeare because most people are unfamiliar with his use of language. Therefore, it’s advisable to read an edition of the play, preferably containing detailed explanatory notes, before watching it.
Modern technology has brought about a greater understanding of Shakespeare and his language than ever before, and this is reflected in the editions of his plays which are now available. As a result, the modern audience has a much clearer understanding of what Shakespeare was saying than audiences in the past.
Shakespeare’s audiences had no need for explanatory notes to accompany editions of his plays because they understood the language immediately. This is just as well because the vast majority of the audiences in his time could not, in fact, read.
A modern audience can enjoy Shakespeare in performance, though not as immediately as the audiences of his day. This is simply we are much less familiar with his inventive use of language than they were. Explanatory notes on a text can help us understand the language better.

ĐÁP ÁN: D

HCS-40

Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

A comparative study of how a Chinese character disappeared was conducted based on a dictionary found in Beijing. The dictionary explains difficult and ambiguous characters in detail, but people still have no idea to understand the original meanings of these.
Looking up a given character by using the dictionary found in Beijing is quite challenging because the explanation is not provided with the meaning. Although the author has this dictionary, it is hard to explain why some characters in the Chinese disappeared.
The study of how a Chinese character disappeared was inspired by a dictionary that contains difficult and ambiguous characters. However, the users cannot look up the meaning of these words as there is only a simple explanation without meaning and pronunciation.
The author does not understand how to use the dictionary found in 2007 when he conducted a study about how a Chinese word disappeared. The reason is due to unclear explanations without thorough structures and displays in the dictionary. The question is still unknown until the current days.

ĐÁP ÁN: C

LMCSA-8

According to this information, vocal folds, and vocal cords: (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Are different parts of the anatomy working together to produce speech.
Refer to the same feature, flaps of skin with the appearance of strings.
Both vibrate, although folds produce lower pitch sounds than cords.
Are the same thing, but the word “cords” is not an accurate description.

ĐÁP ÁN: D

LMCSA-73

The speaker’s purpose in this lecture is to____ Note: Real Audio – Real Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

give a detailed history of female religious leaders
discuss women’s contributions to interfaith dialogues
compare differences religious traditions across the world
discuss her personal religious beliefs

ĐÁP ÁN: B

SMW-45

memories
lives
challenges
nightmares

ĐÁP ÁN: A

SMW-44

using traditional rules
to reach patients more quickly
as a form of treatment
in a new way

ĐÁP ÁN: D

HIW-145

The pastes • toucan’s long bill has long perplexed biologists. Darwin theorized that it attracted mates. Other suggested uses ranged from fruit peeling to territorial defense. But a report in the July 24th issue of the journal Science offers another anticipation • explanation as to why one-third of the bird is all shnoz. The authors of the report say the toucan’s bill is so big because it acts like a radiator spanned • strapped to its face. When a toucan needs to cool down, its beak heats up. The immense surface area of the beak allows heat to quickly dissipate. In fact, the mileages • scientists say, as a toucan lowers its body temperature in preparation for sleep, it can cool 10 degrees Celsius in just minutes.
The scientists used beheld • infrared thermography, the same kind of geology • technology used in heat-sensing cameras, to observe toucans at different ambient temperatures. When outside temperatures rose, the bill also heated up, but the bird’s core body temperature did not. The scientists speculate that other big-billed birds may regulate their body temperatures this way. Since birds don’t sweat, having a handy heat chaser • dissipater undoubtedly keeps their feathers from getting ruffled.

HIW-106

Fed up with the polar vortex? If so, consider this: Texturing • Shivering may actually share some of the leopardesses • benefits of exercise—at least in terms of burning fat.
Frequenters • Researchers studied shivering in a group of 10 men and women. First the volunteers rested under a temperature-controlled blanket, which dropped from 80 degrees Fahrenheit to a chilly 54. Then they cycled on an contrives • exercise bike.
Researchers took blood samples during both activities. Turns out, shivering and exercise spurred muscles to secrete similar amounts of irisin—a hormone that tells brown fat to turn up the furnace—even though exercise took 10 times as much effort.
The researchers say the metabolic pathway may have evolved to save us energy. Shivering alone is a costly survival mechanism—it relies on muscle contraction to warm us. Whereas shivering-activated brown fat can convert inadmissible • chemical energy directly to heat. The study is in the journal Cell Metabolism.
As for your home thermostat? Study author Francesco Celi of the NIH likes to keep his at 68—low enough to turn on brown fat. And it’s a win-win—you’ll save money on heat, ’cause you’re making your own.

WFD-1213

Scholarship applications must be handed in at the end of the month.

WFD-1417

Doing research could be very dangerous for coastal regions.

WFD-38

Those seeking a formal extension should contact their faculty for information.

WFD-221

More graduate training is needed after the university study is finished.

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 3

NHẤN VÀO ĐÂY ĐỂ NGHE AUDIO ĐỀ THI PTE 3

KỸ NĂNG: Speaking

RA-460

The purpose of the informative speech is to provide interesting, useful, and unique information to your audience. By dedicating yourself to the goals of providing information and appealing to your audience, you can take a positive step toward succeeding in your efforts as an informative speaker.

RA-785

Sportsmanship comes in many forms and helps make competitive games fun and enjoyable. It fosters good habits and positive life skills both in and out of sports games, and is an important life skill for people of all ages. It is also key to becoming a mature, respectful, and successful adult.

RA-63

Pick up any work of non-fiction. Without opening a book’s cover, you already know a lot what’s inside. You can reasonably expect to find a title page, table of contents, numbered pages, a body of text divided in chapters, and an index.

RA-158

Northcote Parkinson, a British writer, formulated Parkinson’s rule: “Work expands to fill the time allotted to it; or, conversely, the amount of work completed is in inverse proportion to the number of people employed.” Simply said: If you have an hour to do a 5-minute job, it will take an hour to do it. A large number of people accomplish less work than a smaller number of people.

RA-640

Eating a handful of almonds a day significantly increases the production of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that promotes gut health. Whole-almond eaters had an additional 1.5 bowel movements per week compared to the other groups. Eating almonds could also benefit those with constipation.

RA-590

Research has found we pursue more rewards when we become ‘habituated’ to a higher standard of living and compare ourselves to various standards. What it takes to be happy depends on our prior expectations, but these expectations can change over time.

RS-1000

As for me, it is a strategy to go to judicial review.

RS-1783

Parents should set a good example for their children.

RS-634

All filed assignments should have a full list of bibliography.

RS-1091

You can find the student service desk located on the ground floor of the whole building.

RS-793

You’ll find the economics section on the second floor of the library.

RS-1572

The school has been shut because of insufficient funds.

RS-555

Universities across the United Kingdom welcome a range of students.

RS-916

Parents should provide guidance and examples for children’s values.

RS-1008

Does the professor keep regular office hours?

RS-183

Try to get through this as quickly as possible.

DI-70

Suggested keywords: Figure, 6, poverty, rates, by, age, by, gender, 2012, in, percent, aged, 65, and, older, 18, to, 64, under, female, male, 11, 6.6, 15.4, 11.9, 22.3, 21.3, source, u.s, bureau, census, current, population, survey, 2013, annual, social, economic, supplement

DI-170

Suggested keywords: Taipet, 101, petronas, towers, 1, and, 2, kuala, lumpur, sears, tower, chicago, 1450, 1483, 1670, feet

DI-140

Suggested keywords: The, process, of, pu-erh, raw, tea, and, ripe, rolling, leaves, drying, under, sun, loose, compression, fermentation, by, mold, pan, frying, inactivation, of, enzymes, aging, by, storage, vintage, fire

DI-142

Suggested keywords: seat, ashes, rafter, reed, thatch, turf, wall, ground, level, brick

RL-131

I think one of the things that’s confusing for people is when they come here is there appear to be hundreds and hundreds of rules, hundreds of things you should and shouldn’t do. And the truth of it is that most of them are about class. And lots of them are trip-wires actually for people who don’t know them.
So what I tried to do in my book was take it back to some sort of first principle and say look – there are anthropologica reasons why we have certain kinds of manners. So I’ll give you a very good example, in Britain there are sort of two ways of holding a knife, very broadly. And broadly speaking the middle-classes hold it with the index finger on the top, gripped in the hand. And working-class people hold it like a pen. Entirely a class distinction and people mercilessly exploit it if they want to. The truth of it is, the one way not to hold a knife at the table, is clasped in your fist, raised as if to kill your guest. And what does that tell us about eating? Well, what it tells us about eating is two things: it is never confuse your guests with either the food or the enemy. Don’t eat them and don’t kill them!That’s about how you should hold your knife, because actually manners are really about the reduction of violence. There’s a lot in there about reducing violence. So that’s just an illustration of what one tries to do so actually when you look at real table manners they’re about people feeling comfortable with each other, sharing food around a table. Very important human thing.

RL-107

The way I started really, I was doing this type of work in United States where there are a number of lawyers doing it and it had not been done in the UK with the rest of Europe before. I think the reason I started in the United States was that there was a civil rights movement. And in the civil rights movement, lawyers became deeply involved right away because if you’re black civil rights your’re arrested. And some four cider? founders, so the environmental movement coming along just behind the civil rights movement in time and said ah, we need lawyers and environment movement as well. As a result, one of the main contributors to the environment now is how has been its lawyers. Here there were no need for civil rights movement, so environmental groups became expert campaigners, but law really wasn’t part of the deal and never has happened, they never use law strategically, they would say they have. I came here and one of our interviewed people and environmental groups in UK, in Brussels and so on and was very surprised of the positive views of law and that’s where client came from, so bringing their kind of intellectual DNA and work I’ve done in the United States into these very difficult cultures.

ASQ-782

When you have the PRIMARY, the SECONDARY, what do you have next?
—
Tertiary.

ASQ-744

What gas will be generated from the boiling water?
—
Water vapor / steam.

ASQ-1037

Which word is used to describe a figure of person made from stone or metal, status or statue?
—
Statue.

ASQ-566

What is the name of a story you write about yourself?
—
Autobiography

ASQ-85

To cross over from one side of the river to another without using boat, what is usually required?
—
Bridge

ASQ-257

Would you go to a pharmacist or a surgeon to get a prescription filled after visiting a doctor?
—
A pharmacist

Writing – Summarize Written Text 1

SWT-39

This year’s Nobel Peace Prize justly rewards the thousands of scientists of the United Nations Climate Change Panel (the IPCC). These scientists are engaged in excellent, painstaking work that establishes exactly what the world should expect from climate change.

The other award winner, former US Vice President Al Gore, has spent much more time telling us what to fear. While the IPCC’s estimates and conclusions are grounded in careful study, Gore doesn’t seem to be similarly restrained.

Gore told the world in his Academy Award-winning movie (recently labeled “one-sided” and containing “scientific errors” by a British judge) to expect 20-foot sea-level rises over this century. He ignores the findings of his Nobel co-winners, the IPCC, who conclude that sea levels will rise between only a half-foot and two feet over this century, with their best expectation being about one foot. That’s similar to what the world experienced over the past 150 years.

Likewise, Gore agonizes over the accelerated melting of ice in Greenland and what it means for the planet, but overlooks the IPCC’s conclusion that, if sustained, the current rate of melting would add just three inches to the sea level rise by the end of the century. Gore also takes no notice of research showing that Greenland’s temperatures were higher in 1941 than they are today.

Gore also frets about the future of polar bears. He calms they are drowning as their icy habitat disappears. However, the only scientific study showing any such thing indicates that four polar bears drowned because of a storm.

The politician-turned-movie maker loses sleep over a predicted rise in heat-related deaths. There’s another side of the story that’s inconvenient to mention: rising temperatures will reduce the number of cold spells, which are a much bigger killer than heat. The best study shows that by 2050, heat will claim 400’000 more lives, but 1.8 million fewer will die because of cold. Indeed, according to the first complete survey of the economic effects of climate change for the world, global warming will actually save lives.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 2

SWT-67

If you do not wear your contact lenses, for instance, the peeling and cutting of onions definitely brings tears to your eyes. Why? Because onions contain amino acid sulfoxides and sulfenic acids. Both of these constituents remain in separate chambers of onion peel, but when the latter is cut, they mix with each other and produce a volatile sulphur compound. When this vapour reacts with the moisture in the air, it forms sulphuric acid. It is this which causes the burning sensation in our eyes and makes tear glands secrete. It is also this compound which makes our utensils and hands smell, even after washing them with water.

However, there are ways in which we can avoid tears while cutting onions. One way is by reducing air circulation, by turning off AC and fans, for example, in order to lessen the spread of the gas; another option is to refrigerate onions before cutting, so that the constituents freeze and sulphuric acid isn’t produced. Also, burning lamps attract the gases released when cutting onions, stopping them from mixing with the moisture in our eyes.

KỸ NĂNG: Writing – Essay

ESSAY-146

Hosting sporting events such as the Olympics and the World Cup can bring benefits to the host countries. How far do you agree with this statement? Use your own examples to support.

KỸ NĂNG: Reading

RFIB-429

It would be very hard to imagine life without electricity. Most of the appliances and machines that are used in homes, offices, and factories are powered by electricity and this equipment help improve • help improved • helps improving • helps to improve people’s overall quality of life. For that reason, the wider provision of electricity supplies is a critical factor in reducing global poverty degrees • levels • ranks • stages.To meet the needs of users around the world, the global consumption of coal has risen more quickly at • for • in • since 2000 than any other fuel. For countries that do not have their own supply of natural energy resources, coal has become an essential aspect • course • factor • means of producing power. On a global scale, coal is currently used to fire power stations and produces 40% of global electricity. This figure • sum • total • volume is very likely to increase, and predictions are that by 2030 coal will fuel 44% of the world’s electricity.

RFIB-342

They call it the “marshmallow test.” A four- to-six-year-old-child sits alone in a room at a table facing a marshmallow on a plate. The child is told: “If you don’t eat this fun • joy • recipe • treat for 15 minutes you can have both it and a second one.” Kids on average wait for five or six minutes before eating the marshmallow. The long • longer • longest • longing a child can resist the temptation, the higher their general competency later in life would be. Now a study shows that ability to resist temptation isn’t strictly artificial • disguised • innate • intimate — it’s also highly influenced by environment.

RFIB-39

Thomas Alva Edison was both a scientist and an inventor. Born in 1847, Edison would see amazing • enormous • gorgeous • tremendous changes take place in his lifetime. He was also responsible for making many of those changes occur. When Edison was born, society still thought of electricity as change • new • novelty • oddity, a fad. By the time he died, entire cities were lit by electricity. Much of the credit for that progress goes to Edison. In his lifetime, Edison patented 1,093 inventions. The most famous of his inventions was an incandescent light bulb. Besides the light bulb, Edison developed the phonograph and the “kinetoscope”, a small box for viewing moving films. He also amended • corrected • fixed • improved upon the original design of the stock ticker, the telegraph, and Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone. In addition • appreciation • commute • tribute to this important American, electric lights in the United States were dimmed for one minute on October 21, 1931, a few days after his death.

RFIB-120

While Florey researchers have also created a genetic test for PD (10% of PD cases are caused by genetic factors), this new test has a broader adoption • application • function • operation by screening for many different types of PD and monitoring treatment, as well as measuring the demand • effectiveness • efficiency • usage of drugs being developed to treat the disease. Dr Qiao-Xin Li and colleagues from The University of Melbourne and The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, along with Prof Malcolm Horne from the Howard Florey Institute, found people with PD had low levels of the brain-secreted protein ‘alpha-synuclein’ in their blood, when • where • which • while people without PD had high levels of the protein. Prof Horne said the test they developed measured alpha-synuclein levels in blood. “Currently there is no specific PD diagnostic test so doctors rely on their observations to make a diagnosis, which means some patients may not be prescribed the most suitable medication, and around 15% of those diagnosed • diagnosing • having been diagnosed • having diagnosed may actually be suffering from something else,” Prof Horne said. Further studies are required to establish whether this test can denote • determine • distinguish • recognize between people who are responsive to treatment and those who are not,” he said. The researchers are now conducting a large-scale study to determine the effectiveness of the test, to discover whether it is applicable for all types of PD, and to find out if it can measure the rate of procedures • process • progress • progression and severity of the disease.

RFIB-267

The heart functions as a pump at the centre of the circulatory system. In humans it is located in the chest cavity, between the lungs, a bit • barely • however • marginally to the left. The heart consists of four chambers surrounded by a very strong muscular wall, the myocardium. The upper chambers, the right and left atria, get • often • permit • receive blood entering the heart, and the lower chambers, the right and left ventricles pump the blood out of the heart, via the pulmonary and the systemic circulatory systems.
The two systems work as follows • much • this • well. Blood from the body enters the right atrium, is passed into the right ventricle and from there is propelled through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. In the lungs the blood releases carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen and is then to be transported • transport • transported • transporting back to the heart into the left atrium. From here it passes into the left ventricle, which pumps the oxygenated blood around the body.

RFIB-406

The iPhone is a line of touchscreen-based smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. that use Apple’s iOS mobile operating system. The first-generation iPhone was announced • got • seen • taken by Apple co-founder Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007. Since then Apple has periodically released new iPhone models and iOS updates. of November 1, 2018, more than 2.2 billion iPhones had been sold.
The iPhone’s user interface is built around a multi-touch screen with a broad • solid • virtual • visible keyboard. The iPhone connects to cellular networks or Wi-Fi. An iPhone can make calls, browse the web, take pictures, play music, and send and receive emails and text messages. Since the iPhone’s launch further features have been added, including larger screen sizes, shooting video, waterproofing, and the ability to install third-party mobile apps through an app store, as well as • except • in spite of • more than accessibility support. Up to 2017, iPhones used a layout with a single button on the front panel that returns the user to the home screen. Since 2017, more expensive iPhone models have switched to a nearly bezel-less front screen design with app switching activated by gesture establishment • estimation • production • recognition.

RMCMA-74

According to a dictionary definition, artificial intelligence (AI) is the synthesis and analysis of external elements by computational agents that carry these actions out in a similar way as humans. What are these elements? Any type of information that can be obtained from around us, i.e. our environment, is an element. The following are examples of contexts from which these elements can be taken: our homes, schools, workplaces, nature, etc. We get influenced by these elements. We become inclined towards them and our actions are guided by them. We humans are also judgmental about them. We can understand that a computational agent is acting intelligently when it is flexible and adaptable to change if it performs appropriate actions according to the circumstances and adheres to experiential learning. However, an agent has limited memory and its role ends in a certain time period.

Which of the following are the true statements about agents?

It is said that machines have artificial intelligence if they are able to adapt to their environment.
A computational agent is considered intelligent if it can adapt its actions to a particular setting.
Computational agents do not play a perennial role in a process; their participation is short-lived.
Computational agents are judgmental about the environment that surrounds them.
Agents are always living creatures and react only after an action.

RMCMA-105

The author uses the word “invasion” to ____________

Numerically support scientist’s findings
Offer a visual description of the numerous jellyfish
Clarify how the numbers of jellyfish indicate danger
Question whether jellyfish are actually becoming more dangerous
Warns swimmers of the dangers of jellyfish

ROP-69

Games provide an ideal setting to explore important elements of the design of cleverer machines, such as pattern recognition, learning and planning. Ever since the stunning victory of Deep Blue, a program running on an IBM supercomputer, over Gary Kasparov, then world chess champion, in 1997, it has been clear that computers would dominate that particular game. Today, though, they are pressing the attack on every front. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work.

GỢI Ý ĐÁP ÁN:

Ever since the stunning victory of Deep Blue, a program running on an IBM supercomputer, over Gary Kasparov, then world chess champion, in 1997, it has been clear that computers would dominate that particular game. Games provide an ideal setting to explore important elements of the design of cleverer machines, such as pattern recognition, learning and planning. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work. Today, though, they are pressing the attack on every front.

ROP-127

The European Union has two big fish problems. As a result, Senegal’s marine ecosystem has started to go the same way as ours. The EU has tried to solve both problems by sending its fishermen to West Africa. Since 1979 it has struck agreements with the government of Senegal, granting our fleets access to its waters. The other is that its governments won’t confront their fishing lobbies and decommission all the surplus boats. One is that, partly as a result of its failure to manage them properly, its own fisheries can no longer meet European demand.

GỢI Ý ĐÁP ÁN:

As a result, Senegal’s marine ecosystem has started to go the same way as ours. One is that, partly as a result of its failure to manage them properly, its own fisheries can no longer meet European demand. The EU has tried to solve both problems by sending its fishermen to West Africa. Since 1979 it has struck agreements with the government of Senegal, granting our fleets access to its waters. The European Union has two big fish problems. The other is that its governments won’t confront their fishing lobbies and decommission all the surplus boats.

DD-70

Agrarian parties are political parties chiefly representing the interests of peasants or, more broadly, the rural sector of society. The extent to which they are important, or whether they even exist, depends mainly on two factors. One, obviously, is the size of an identifiable peasantry, or the size of the rural relative to the urban population. The other is a matter of social integration: for agrarian parties to be important, the representation of countryside or peasantry must not be integrated with the other major sections of society. thus a country might possess a sizeable rural population, but have an economic system in which the interests of the voters were predominantly related to their incomes, not to their occupations or location; and in such a country the political system would be unlikely to include an important agrarian party.

Other Options

By | forward | inover

DD-309

The play’s vitality depends upon its center characters more completely than any other work of Shakespeare. Yet a newer psychological study than any previously exhibited in an English theater cannot be said to have been created, but only to have been touched up and improved by Shakespeare who drew upon several different sources of inspiration.

Other Options

Intended | subtler | way

DD-260

Participating regularly in physical activity has been shown to benefit an individual’s health and wellbeing. Regular physical activity is important in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and stroke, obesity, diabetes and some forms of cancer. The National Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults recommend at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, preferably every day of the week, to obtain health benefits.

Other Options

Contract | demand | slow

DD-303

Choosing the right mentor can be easy for some students and challenging for others. It is a deceivant that should be taken very seriously since it directly impacts how enjoyable and how successful your graduate career wil be. There are many things on which to base your decisions, the most important of which are discussed in more detail below.

Other Options

Better | commercial | influenced

DD-81

One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two ‘behavior segments’ in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, devised a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull’s principles. The children were given the task of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed, they had to go through a two-stage sequence.

Other Options

Initial | navigate | visualized

RMCSA-70

Johannes Gutenberg was a pioneer in the use of movable type. When he began building a printing press in 1436, he was unlikely to have realized that he was giving birth to an art form that would take center stage in the social and industrial revolutions that followed.

Gutenberg was German, his press was wooden, and the most important aspect of his invention was that it was the first form of printing to use movable type. Although Laurence Koster of Haarlem also laid claim to the invention, scholars have generally accepted Gutenberg as the father of modern printing. Before Gutenberg, the printing press was used only to reproduce pictures, playing cards, and designs on cloth. Designs were cut in wood, stone or metal and transferred to parchment or vellum. Sometimes a few words of explanation were cut into the printing block, but that was the limit of text printing. Books were copied by hand by monks, which was a labor-intensive undertaking.

According to the passage, how were books reproduced before the printing press?

They carved them on wood, stone or even metal before transferred to papers.
People were incapable of duplicating books at that time.
They cut the transcript into the printing block and reproduce the books.
The monks had the arduous tasks of transcribing books manually.

RMCSA-118

The Articulate Voice cuts across all fields in providing basic information on voice production and techniques for improvement. As opposed to books which are geared more specifically toward the stage or to speech or ESL students, this text serves as a guide for all students studying or needing additional guidance in voice and diction. The Articulate Voice taps into research to help students understand why voice improvement is vital to a positive image. A basic text for voice and articulation, The Articulate Voice introduces principles of voice production and techniques for improving pitch, rate, volume, and quality. The text clearly and concisely describes voice production and explains its companion component – hearing.

What advantage does the arrangement of the content provide?

The provision of basic knowledge on how to produce voice for ESL students.
An introduction to principles in voice production for stage performance purposes.
A sound understanding of how important voice improvement is for a positive image.
The comparison of components in voice production, namely pitch, rate, volume, and quality.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 1

SST-265

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 2

SST-85

Interest in music in the mind is as ancient as philosophy itself. Plato was marveled at the power of music over human character and human emotions, in fact, he was quite concerned about the way music could either degrade or elevate the minds of young people so you can see in some sense nothing has changed. He said rhythm and harmony find their way into the inward places of the soul well yes that’s true and he said this in 400 BC, but what has changed since then. It’s just in the last few years brain science has started to seriously investigate music, and this young science is confirming music’s power over us. For example, some colleagues in Montreal decided to do a study to investigate what happens in the brain when people get chills to music, this is intense emotional responses that often manifest themselves as shivers tingling of the spines anybody here had this okay it’s not uncommon and they specifically looked at chills to instrumental music so this wasn’t due to any associations that people had with lyrics it was just sounds of music and they looked at they took advantage of the fact that people often know quite well what music gives them chills they know the piece sometimes the very passage in the piece and so they had people bring in their own self-selected CDs and they scan their brains while they were having these experiences listening to music.

KỸ NĂNG: Listening

LMCMA-30

What does the speaker seem to want to show? (Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

The speaker struggled for many years to graduate from her university.
She might have thought of being an engineer younger than she was 18.
Her friend complained about the domination of men in her class.
The speaker and her sister quite enjoyed playing with construction toys as a child.
The speaker had realized she liked engineering well before she was 18 years old.

LMCMA-26

In this course students are going to____? (Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

focus only on doing some science experiments.
join in the course forums for discussion.
be in charge of experimental design.
publish research findings after analysing data.
practice technique of systematic note taking.
prepare some scientific surprises for supervisor.

LFIB-129

LFIB-182

President Trump has warned Turkey’s President Erdogan that foreign interference is complicating the situation in Libya. It comes after Turkey MPs approved a bill, allowing the military to be deployed to interfere in Libya’s civil war in support of the UN-backed government in Tripoli. The United States is to ban a number of popular e-cigarette flavors to curb the rising use of vaping products among teenagers. However, menthol and tobacco flavors will be allowed to remain on the market and large refillable vaping devices are completely exempt from the ban.

LFIB-111

Noise is often thought to be something bad. It’s an unpleasant disturbance or sonic irritant. We might associate it with a neighbor’s late night party or a persistent car alarm. It’s a term that might even be used to stigmatise certain groups of people. But there’s much more to noise than what greets the ears and what’s in sound. Though it often goes unnoticed, noise is a key part of our mediated lives. In the 1940s, the American mathematician Claude Shannon proposed that noise is necessary for the transmission of information, since the medium, the means by which information is transmitted, is always noisy.

HCS-67

Note: Real Audio – Real Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

The speaker has made some interesting discoveries about the various Mediterranean diets ,which have a few common elements, such as olive oil, leafy greens and meat. The diet from Crete, however, is the one that has to be of special interest to researchers and the speaker intends to start researching it.
The speaker’s area of research is Mediterranean diets. There are actually a number of different Mediterranean diets, but they all have one important common ingredient, olive oil. She has focused her research on the diet of the island of Crete, a diet which people heard about quite some time ago in a well-known study.
Mediterranean food is well-known by nutritionists as being particularly healthy and has been the subject of the speakers. Mediterranean diets have some minor variation but generally they are surprisingly consistent, considering the large number of countries and cultures they cover. The diet of Crete is somewhere different from the others though.
The speaker has done a significant amount of research into Mediterranean diets, which are considered some of the world’s healthiest food. What makes them healthy is olive oil; olive cheese grows on the Mediterranean Sea. She researches the diet of the island of Crete, which differs from other Mediterranean diets in the amount of meat it includes.

HCS-20

Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Although a 20-year-old and an 80-year-old have a similar rate of getting sleep deprivation, the younger is proved to take more impacts, one of which is obesity.
Brain and cardiovascular functions are said to heavily depend on the quality of sleep, but the epidemic of obesity has been recently been considered more of a serious threat.
Sleep has been found to be of paramount importance for one’s body, and sleep deprivation might lead to obesity-related health risks.
When a 20-year-old is deprived of sleeping time, their overall body’s performance, especially cardiovascular, tend to malfunction, no matter how much energy they take in.

LMCSA-7

The attitude expressed towards political staffers by this interviewee is best described as: (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Tentative
Disdainful
Supportive
Aloof

MCSA-60

Which point does the speaker make? (Note: Real audio – Real options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

some important elements in medicines vary.
the quality of medicines varies depending on the brand.
a range of brand names are used for the same type of medicines
cheap medicines are just as effective as more expensive medicines

SMW-29

the fact
] the truth
silently
the truthfulness
the consequences

SMW-32

possible
practical
implement
computation

HIW-14

“So really my interests, my research interests are around work. Work retains • remains the thing that most of us, the vast majority of us will do for most of our time. And so understanding how we work, why we work, who we work for, what we do when we work, I think is of very • primary importance to how we understand…uh the world today. And it’s through ethnography, through reversing • submerging yourself, you know, in an experience, or in a situation as if you were one of the people inside of that situation, I think we can gain a glues • glimpse into these kind of examples, you know, we can understand different kinds of work. And there used to be a poor • rich tradition of doing this kind of workplace research.” (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

HIW-36

I agree, I think that it does need some mask • mass action by people to change their habits and to apply pressure to governments and I think there’s a massage • message here – not just for those students who will involve • enroll for the course, but I think for everybody that will listen to this album. This is a problem that effects • affects every single one of us. It’s not going to go away, there’s a huge problem, and I think we all have a role to pay • play in addressing this problem. (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

WFD-2025

Living in apartments near campus can be very convenient for students.

WFD-21

Traffic is the main cause of pollution in many cities.

WFD-1179

Students must observe lab safety regulations at all times.

WFD-2122

The students should pay more attention to their spelling errors.’

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 4

NHẤN VÀO ĐÂY ĐỂ NGHE AUDIO ĐỀ THI PTE 4

KỸ NĂNG: Speaking

RA-536

Neutron stars — the compressed remains of massive stars gone supernova — are the densest “normal” objects in the known universe. (Black holes are technically denser, but far from normal.) Just a single sugar-cube worth of neutron-star material would weigh 100 million tons here on Earth, or about the same as the entire human population.

RA-432

People who change languages before six years of age seem to be able to speak the new one perfectly, while people who learn a new language after age six retain their original accent. Henry was about six when he and his family fled to Germany. He speaks English with a distinct German accent, while his younger brother speaks without one.

RA-428

This course will equip you with the skills you will need in design, law, management and technology to become a building surveyor. It will enable you to look at the building and see potential create a plan and consider practical aspects of its use.

RA-565

Quite obviously, a significant rise in the number of people in a given area or country will affect the demand for a whole host of goods and services. Note that a change in the structure of the population will increase the demand for some goods but reduce the demand for others.

RA-576

Neptune’s distance in under a decade and to 100 astronomical units in less than a century. They could be used to send spacecraft to the far reaches of our planetary system relatively fast, and to monitor and understand near-Earth objects that might collide with our planet.

RA-166

In the past wars have led to inflation and higher commodity prices. Fighting disrupts trade and prevents raw materials from being shipped from one country to another. In second-world-war Britain, a banana was the height of luxury.

RS-436

There is no entrance fee for tonight’s lecture.

RS-1547

Each chapter in this book begins with a quote from a celebrity.

RS-707

There are many good methods that can be used.

RS-1396

The importance of law is present in an array of industries.

RS-1314

Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.

RS-1801

Tuesday is the final day for students to submit their assignments without any penalty.

RS-96

He is almost never in his office.

RS-68

History is not a simple collection of dates and events.

RS-1615

We decided to abandon the first draft of the report and start over.

RS-1898

There are lots of opportunities available for the students on campus.

DI-37

Suggested keywords: Total, population, of, thoralby, 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, line, dots, period, 1870, 1890, 1910, 1930, 1950, 1970, 1990, 2010

DI-141

Suggested keywords: Atmosphere, crust, mantle, outer, core, of, molten, metal, solid, inner, oceanic, continental, asthenosphere, continues, down, to, earth, globe

DI-10

Suggested keywords: Forward, engineering, inventory, analysis, document, restructuring, reverse, code, data, arrow, process

DI-149

Suggested keywords: share, of, world, GDP, 2011, PPP, bank, ICP, over, percent, less, than, the, six, biggest, economies, 15, 3.5, 1, 0.5, 0.1, map, area, asia, africa, america, europe, australia, Antarctica, south, north

RL-80

Now as urban planners, what we really need to start considering is the amount of space allocated for residential areas within a city or town. And when I say ‘space’ I’m talking about space within a dwelling or home rather than the actual size of residential areas. There’s growing concern that the internal space of new homes is becoming far smaller. Too small, in fact.
Maybe you’re thinking: Is it important for residents to have sufficient space? Is it merely a preference to have more space or are there more serious implications? Is there, in fact, any evidence to suggest cramped living conditions affect residents’ physical or mental well-being or their day to day life?
Well, research from a number of sources indicates that this is an important issue which needs addressing. Cramped conditions can lead to aggressive behaviour, to family tensions, psychological anguish and, in the more extreme cases, physical illness as well. Not only this but there is a proven link between overcrowding and the social and emotional development of children as well as their educational attainment. So, the main issue here is that residents require enough individual space to be able to live and function together but with sufficient private space for personal time within the home.

RL-53

This illustration often used is the one that the monkeys and the typewriters. Ok, we have a monkey sitting at a typewriter and the claim here is basically if you leave chance in time long enough you will get life, don’t worry about it, yes, its’s strange, yes, it’s wonderful, but leave enough matter 600 million years on earth and you will have life. So, the monkey sitting at the typewriter the chances are eventually he produces the complete works of Shakespeare so what’s the problem. So, there’s no problem. There’s no issue, right? You just leave it long enough and you’ll find. And one key striker seconds, the monkey might well eventually get to you the complete works of Shakespeare but he doesn’t manage to do it in 600 million years. So, what I decided to do is to run the numbers. I, instead of saying typing the complete work of Shakespeare, I just run the numbers for how long would it take a monkey typing one key striker a second. To type “to be or not to be that is the question’. Right? On average how long is it gonna take my monkey friend one keystroke a second. I don’t know how you think it would be. Maybe you could have a guess. Would it be less or more than 600 million years, which is the period life on earth isn’t supposed to have emerge within and when I run the numbers” to be or not to be is the question’ takes 12.6 trillion trillion trillion years to type just that phrase and a DNA string has got as much as information the encyclopedia Britannica. Are we saying that something of that complexity emerges by chance undirected within 600 million years? Again, it’s mathematically possible but it’s so incredibly unlikely that it would have that it tilts me in favour of the Christian story in which God creating life, simply a question of saying let that be and there was.

ASQ-409

If you have a toothache, would you visit a surgeon or a dentist?
—
Dentist

ASQ-350

Where do you go to send mails, a post office or a coffee house?
—
Post office

ASQ-1013

What is the item of footwear intended to protect and comfort human foot?
—
Shoes / Socks.

ASQ-295

What system does the earth belong to?
—
Solar system

ASQ-274

To which of our sense do all of the following words relate: rough, smooth, and granular?
—
Touch

ASQ-774

What’s the last paragraph of an essay?
—
Conclusion.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 1

SWT-155

With a good system of crop rotation, and especially with the addition of any sort of fertilizer you may be able to come up with, it’s possible to grow crops on a plot of land for upwards of 2 – 3 years at a time with good results. Ultimately, though, you must let the land rest if you hope to continue farming there in the long-run. Allowing a plot of land to rest for a period of time is known as letting the field go fallow, and there are several reasons for this. Allowing a field or plot to lie fallow means that you don’t grow anything new on it, don’t harvest anything and don’t graze any animals on the land for at least a year. Sometimes a field will lay fallow for two, three or even four years, but the traditional standard on many farms was to let a field lie fallow once every 2 – 3 years. This fallow period allows the land to replenish many of its nutrients. The root networks of various grasses or groundcovers (like clover) have a chance to expand and grow, which further strengthens the soil and protects it from erosion. During the fallow period, there are many beneficial flora and micro-fauna, including cyanobacteria, which live in the soil. These microorganisms continue to be active at the root level, steadily improving the quality of the soil so that when you come back in a year or two, you can begin planting food or cash crops anew.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 2

SWT-69

We vaccinate against smallpox to allow the body to develop antibodies which will make it more or less immune to attack from the disease. In fact, by vaccination or inoculation we mean that a person is injected with the organism that causes the disease or its toxin. This organism is modified physically or chemically, so that, without doing any damage, it triggers the body’s immunizing defences. We call these modified cultures vaccines. Vaccination against smallpox was first carried out in the East. Poisonous material taken from the blisters of a mild case of smallpox was inserted into the arm of the person to be protected. This produced a small case of smallpox and enabled the body to manufacture the antibodies. Vaccination was introduced to England in 1721 by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, wife of the British ambassador to Turkey, who had her own children inoculated at Constantinople. However, this method could result in a severe or fatal attack of the disease. Dr. Edward Jenner took the next step in 1796 when he inoculated a boy with poisonous matter from the arm of a woman suffering from cowpox (a mild disease closely allied to smallpox). Some weeks later, he inoculated the boy with smallpox, but the boy did not contract the disease.

KỸ NĂNG: Writing – Essay

ESSAY-6

“More information available online so library books are useless.” Agree or disagree with statement?

KỸ NĂNG: Reading

RFIB-120

RFIB-160

In an often-cited study about counterfactuals, Medvec, Madey, and Gilovich (1995) found that bronze medalists appeared • appraised • approached • approved happier than silver medalists in television coverage of the 1992 Summer Olympics. Medvec et al. argued • estimated • persuaded • questioned that bronze medalists compared themselves to 4th place finishers, whereas silver medalists compared themselves to gold medalists. These counterfactuals were the most divisive • frequent • salient • sincere because they were either qualitatively different (gold vs. silver) or categorically different (medal vs. no medal) from what actually • did • did not • supposedly occurred. Drawing on archival data and experimental studies, we show that Olympic athletes (among others) are more likely to make counterfactual comparisons based on their later • near • other • prior expectations, consistent with decision affect theory. Silver medalists are more likely to be disappointed because their personal expectations are higher than that • them • this • those of bronze medalists.

RFIB-42

The amount of sleep you need depends on many ages • category • factors • thing, especially your age. Newborns sleep between 16 and 18 hours a day, and preschool children should sleep between 10 and 12 hours. Older children and teens need at least nine hours to be well rested. For most adults, seven to eight hours a night appears to the best amount of sleep. However, for some people, “enough sleep” may be as few as five hours or as many as 10 hours of sleep. As you get older, your sleeping habit • hour • patterns • time change. Older adults tend to sleep more lightly and awaken more frequently in the night than younger adults. This can have many causes including medical conditions and medications used to treat them. But there’s no evidence that older adults need less sleep than younger adults. Getting enough sleep is difficult • frequent • important • much to your health because it boosts your circulatory • immune • nervous • sleeping system, which makes your body better able to fight disease. Sleep is necessary for your nervous system to work properly. Too little sleep makes you drowsy and unable to concentrate. It also impairs memory and physical performance. So how many hours of sleep are enough for You? Experts say that if you feel drowsy during the day — even during boring activities – you are not getting enough sleep. Also, quality of sleep is just as important as quantity. People whose sleep is frequently interrupted or cut short are not getting quality sleep. If you experience frequent daytime sleepiness, even after increasing the amount of quality sleep you get, talk to your doctor. He or she may be able to determines • help • identify • solves the cause of sleep problems and offer advice on how to get a better night’s sleep.

RFIB-447

San Francisco’s Golden Gate Bridge, a stunning technological and artistic achievement, appears • closes • equals • opens to the public after five years of construction. On opening day – “Pedestrian Day”–some 200,000 bridge walkers laughed • looked • marveled • stationed at the 4,200-foot-long suspension bridge, which spans the Golden Gate Strait at the entrance to San Francisco Bay and channels • connects • differentiates • separates San Francisco and Marin County. On May 28, the Golden Gate Bridge opened to airborne • aquatic • vehicular • watertight traffic. On May 27, 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge was opened to great acclaim, a denial • symbol • technique • yield of progress in the Bay Area during a time of economic crisis. At 4,200 feet, it was the longest bridge in the world along • since • until • within the completion of New York City’s Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in 1964. Today, the Golden Gate Bridge remains one of the world’s most recognizable architectural structures.

RFIB-127

Legal deposit for printed books and papers has existed in English law since 1662. It helps to ensure that the nation’s published output (and thereby its economical • Guinness • hospital • intellectual record and future published heritage) is collected systematically, to decode • preserve • render • substitute the material for the use of future generations and to make it available for buyers • investors • literature • readers within the designated legal deposit libraries. The legal deposit system also has benefits • discounts • gifts • money for authors and publishers: Deposited publications are made available to users of the deposit libraries on their premises, are preserved for the benefit of future generations, and become part of the nation’s heritage. Publications are recorded in the online catalogues, and become an essential community • master • plagiarism • research resource for generations to come.

RFIB-99

BARRIE FINNIN, a professor at Monash University’s college of pharmacy in Melbourne, and PhD student Anita Schneider, fluently • hardly • mostly • recently tested a new wrinkle cure. Twice daily, 20 male and female volunteers applied a liquid containing Myoxinol, a patented abstract • exact • extract • intact of okra (Hibiscus esculentus) seed, to one side of their ages • body • faces • outfits. On the other side, they applied a similar liquid without Myoxinol. Every week for a month their wrinkles were tested by self-assessment, photography, and the size of depressions made in silicon molds. The results were impressive. After a month the color • depth • pattern • quality and number of wrinkles on the Myoxinol-treated side were reduced by approximately 27 per cent. But Finnin’s research, commissioned by a cosmetics company, is unlikely to be published in a scientific auditorium • journal • method • newspaper. It’s hard to even find studies that show the active ingredients in cosmetics penetrate the skin, let alone more comprehensive research on their effects. Even when adaptive • rigorous • ritual • tenuous studies are commissioned, companies usually control whether the work is published in the traditional scientific literature.

RMCMA-11

You can actually farm tigers, but not to save the species unfortunately.

Under cover of an animal park, the zookeepers at Xiongsen Bear & Tiger Zoo in China were killing the endangered cats, serving the meat as a snack and then dropping the carcasses into vats of wine.

According to certain tenets of traditional Chinese medicine, tiger bone steeped in wine is thought to relieve human bone ailments like arthritis and bear penis is used to treat, well, you get the idea. Wild tigers’ bones are particularly prized since they are considered more potent than their semi-domesticated peers.

There are only–at most–4,600 tigers left in all of the wild, according to a 2007 estimate. China, for its part, has banned any trade in tiger products since 1993, nearly eliminating tiger parts from medicine shops, according to the International Fund for Animal Welfare—something I witnessed for myself in China.

But the ban will not successfully counteract the human development that is reducing Asian forests, where remaining tigers roam. And having a zoo double as an abbatoir is clearly no way to save the tiger.

What are current causes of danger to tiger populations?

Growing numbers of medicine shops that sell tiger products.
Loss of the Asian forests where the tigers live.
China’s ban on tiger products.
A zoo was actually killing tigers.
New findings of modern medicine that tiger wine helps relieve arthritis.

RMCMA-49

An unlikely ally could help us fight the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Researchers believe that a virus might boost the effectiveness of the antibiotics gentamicin, gramicidin or tetracycline by up to 50 times. It’s not just any virus that would come to the rescue, however. Microbiologists have high hopes for bacteriophages, a type of virus that infects bacteria, according to a news report in Chemistry and Industry magazine. The original experiment published in the journal Microbial Drug Resistance describes how 75% of mice that received gentamicin in combination with bacteriophages survived a lethal dose of Pseudomonas bacteria, which cause pneumonia. By comparison, all of the mice that received only gentamicin following exposure to Pseudomonas died. Researchers believe that the bacteriophages boost the power of antibiotics by busting holes in the walls of the bacteria to allow this medicine to enter.

Why are bacteriophages so helpful?

The common antibiotics gentamicin, gramicidin and tetracycline no longer work at all, so we need a replacement.
They help save endangered mice species that are vital for the environment.
They puncture the cell walls of infectious bacteria and this allows antibiotics to attack the bacteria more easily.
When tested on animal subjects, the bacteriophages were able to save all the animals that had been infected with a deadly virus.
Although they’re a virus, they target bacteria.

ROP-110

Whatever happened to the idea of progress and a better future? I still believe in both.

The Brundtland Report, Our Common Future (1987), defines sustainable development as “development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.
Implicit in this definition is the idea that the old pattern of development could not be sustained. Is this true?
Development in the past was driven by growth and innovation. It led to new technologies and huge improvements in living standards.
To assume that we know what the circumstances or needs of future generations will be is mistaken and inevitably leads to the debilitating sense that we are living on borrowed time.

GỢI Ý ĐÁP ÁN:

Development in the past was driven by growth and innovation. It led to new technologies and huge improvements in living standards. Implicit in this definition is the idea that the old pattern of development could not be sustained. Is this true? The Brundtland Report, Our Common Future (1987), defines sustainable development as “development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. To assume that we know what the circumstances or needs of future generations will be is mistaken and inevitably leads to the debilitating sense that we are living on borrowed time. Whatever happened to the idea of progress and a better future? I still believe in both.

ROP-183

I think we should be wary of the reporting of science — it is often over-dramatized in order to secure an audience — but not of science itself.
Of course, there are extremely rare examples of scientific dishonesties, which will be seized upon by the news organizations.
The role of science in modern society still remains valuable.
Mobile phones, for example, can cause incidents if drivers insist on talking on the phone instead of looking at roads.
But no one would argue that mobile phones can help to make a phone call when we are in a crisis.

GỢI Ý ĐÁP ÁN:

But no one would argue that mobile phones can help to make a phone call when we are in a crisis. I think we should be wary of the reporting of science — it is often over-dramatized in order to secure an audience — but not of science itself. Mobile phones, for example, can cause incidents if drivers insist on talking on the phone instead of looking at roads. Of course, there are extremely rare examples of scientific dishonesties, which will be seized upon by the news organizations. The role of science in modern society still remains valuable.

DD-281

What can computer science tell us about what biological systems do and how they do it? Can these chemical information-processing functions be replicated in digital computing systems? What are the implications of developments in computer science in understanding the nature of causality? Aaron Sloman, author of Computer Revolution in Philosophy delves into the world of connections between ideas developed in computer science, biology and philosophy, providing new insights into some fundamental questions about the nature of consciousness and free will.

Other Options

Pursues | repeated

DD-233

Environmental policy does not contribute to the profitability of any real sense at all. In reality it is companies that are well organised and efficient, or that are already comfortably profitable, that have time to establish environmental policies. It is not that “environmental best practice” causes profitability, but that being profitable allows for concern for the environment.

Other Options

Chapter | perspective | reduce

DD-135

A herbal is a book of plants, describing their appearance, their properties and how they may be used for preparing ointments and medicines. The medical use of plants is recorded on fragments of papyrus and clay tablets from ancient Egypt, Samaria and China that date back 5,000 years but document traditions far older still. Over 700 herbal remedies were detailed in the Papyrus Ebers, an Egyptian text written in 1500 BC.
Around 65 BC, a Greek physician called Dioscorides wrote a herbal that was translated into Latin and Arabic. Known as ‘De materia medica’, it became the most influential work on medicinal plants in both Christian and Islamic worlds until the late 17th century. An illustrated manuscript copy of the text made in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) survives from the sixth century.
The first printed herbals date from the dawn of European printing in the 1480s. They provided valuable information for apothecaries, whose job it was to make the pills and potions prescribed by physicians.

Other Options

Alive | filmed | ranges

DD-26

The Romans glorified the bravery shown in the arena, but trivialized the events and degraded the participants. Mosaic pictures of executions and combats, graphically violent to our eyes, were displayed in the public rooms and even dining rooms in the homes of wealthy Romans. How can the viewer today possibly understand such images? Until fairly recently, modern authors writing about the arena minimized its significance and represented the institutionalized violence as a sideline to Roman history. The tendency was also to view the events through our own eyes and to see them as pitiful or horrifying, although to most Romans empathy with victims of the arena was inconceivable. In the past few decades, however, scholars have started to analyze the complex motivations for deadly public entertainments and for contradictory views of gladiators as despised, yet beloved hero-slaves.

Other Options

Caulking | chaperone | shaped

DD-54

Sound depressing, even apocalyptic? Well, it could be the future. If government forecasts are right, about 20 years from now, two out of five households will be single occupancy. And there is evidence the situation is already deteriorating. According to a report, Social Isolation in America, published in the American Sociological Review in 2006, the average American today has only two close friends. Twenty-five per cent of those surveyed said they do not have anyone to talk with about important things. And yet, while some are declaring a crisis in our ability to make friends, others are saying exactly the opposite. For example, MSN’s Anatomy of Friendship Report, published last November, suggests that the average Briton has 54 friends – a spectacular rise of 64 per cent since 2003.

Other Options

Improving | minor | trivial

RMCSA-23

Their skin is smooth, their hair is salon-fresh, and between them they’ve sold millions of records. Now, they are making it acceptable for young Asian men to buy beauty products.

South Korea’s male K-pop icons have been enlisted by the country’s cosmetics firms as they try to expand beyond its borders to take on global giants like L‘Oreal and Unilever across the continent.

“The male K-pop stars are very good looking and I think the make up helps them look good. So why not me as well?” said Lenard Heng, a 26-year old graphic designer, out clubbing in the Malaysian capital Kuala Lumpur.

South Korean men spend $900 million a year on beauty products, more than a fifth of the global total, research firm Euromonitor says. But even the vanity of a nation is no longer much of a growth opportunity.

By contrast, in the emerging markets of Asia the middle class is rapidly expanding, and with it opportunities to sell goods like foundation, lip balm, skincare lotions and eyeliner. Demand for personal care products will rise by over 40 percent in China and Indonesia alone in the next five years, Euromonitor estimates.

Based on the reading, which of the following best describes the growth opportunities for South Korean male cosmetics?

There is promise of strong growth in both the domestic market and globally.
Strong growth in the domestic market but not globally.
Strong growth in Asia but not in the domestic market.
Strong growth in both the domestic market and Asia.

RMCSA-110

During any space mission, whether it is manned or unmanned, the two most critical periods are liftoff and reentry. This fact is proven by the fact that every loss of life in the history of space exploration has occurred during a liftoff or reentry maneuver. Liftoff and reentry not only represent the times of greatest danger during a space mission, they also present the greatest science and engineering challenges to the planners and organizers of a space mission.

The major challenge during liftoff is to achieve a great enough velocity to break free of the Earth’s gravitational pull and escape the atmosphere. The velocity required varies depending on the type of the mission in question. For example, most orbital missions, like those to the International Space Station or the launching of a satellite, do not require the spacecraft to complete escape Earth’s gravitation pull. These spacecrafts simply need enough velocity to achieve a certain distance from Earth and then to maintain their orbit. The speed is needed for this is dependent on the type of orbit desired, but is generally around 24,000 kilometers per hour. Completely escaping the Earth’s gravity, as is need for interplanetary mission, is a far more difficult undertaking requiring a speed of 40,200 kilometers per hour.

Why are interplanetary missions more difficult?

Because they require more fuel
Because they use larger spacecraft.
Because they must complete reentry maneuvers twice.
Because they must attain higher escape velocities.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 1

SST-22

This is the talk about visualizing life without fossil fuels. We have an addiction to fossil fuels and it’s not sustainable when I say we. I’m talking about the so-called developed world, the developed world gets 80 or 90% of all its energy from fossil fuels and living on fossil fuels for energy. In this way, it’s not sustainable for three fairly obvious reasons. First, on the left easily accessible fossil fuels are a finite resource and so at some point that resource will be exploited and humanity will have to do something else. Second, setting fire to fossil fuels puts carbon dioxide upstairs. So, we have climate motivation. The clear consensus of the climate science community is with substantial aero bars still on exactly what might happen. Their advice is this is a geoengineering experiment that was well advised to stop as soon as possible. And third, even if you don’t believe in climate change and even if global fossil fuels aren’t running out today, it might be the case that your fossil fuels or our fossil fuels in a particular country or state have run out and you might depend on other countries or states for fossil fuels in the future. So, you have a security of supply motivation for saying let’s look into really getting off fossil fuels in a serious way. I find all three of these motivations are equally compelling and I’m just going to take it as given now that we are interested in discussing life after fossil fuels.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 2

SST-25

Hello, it’s Megan. This week I’m going to talk about the difference between translators and interpreters. It’s a common misconception that translators and interpreters do the same thing. So, I’d just like to highlight a few similarities and differences between the two. Firstly, translation refers to written communication whereas interpreting refers to verbal communication. So, for example, a translator will not attend a court hearing to verbally translate between the parties involved. But would translate the written evidence used in the case. Secondly, both jobs require different skills. I translate to require the ability to write well and comprehensively into a target language. This means that they need to have an excellent command of their native language. For example, although I can speak French to a good standard. I cannot translate from English to French although I could translate from French to English, which means I’m only half way there to being an international player. An interpreter needs to be able to speak both languages proficiently. Thirdly, the qualifications and experience required to become either a professional translator or interpreter do differ. Both roles acquire years of training, the resulting qualification. But what they can learn from the training will be completely different. So just to be clear translators will translate written texts and interpreters will translate a verbal communication.

Listening

LMCMA-32

Which place do the speakers say good for studying? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Computer Lab
College Cafeteria
Your room
Public Cafes
The Lecture Hall

LMCMA-72

In the recording, the speaker mentions? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Why some people have higher electricity needs than others.
How electric companies pay you for solar energy.
How much it costs to instal solar panels on a home.
When the best month to produce solar energy is.
When the electric companies pay you for solar energy.

LFIB-144

The way I look back in the past is by using the fossilized remains of deep-water corals. You can see an image of one of these corals behind me. It was collected from close to Antarctica, thousands of meters below the sea, so, very different than the kinds of corals you may have been lucky enough to see if you’ve had a tropical holiday. So I’m hoping that this talk will give you a four-dimensional view of the ocean. Two dimensions, such as this beautiful two-dimensional image of the sea surface temperature. This was taken using satellite, so it’s got tremendous spatial resolution. The overall features are extremely easy to understand. The equatorial regions are warm because there’s more sunlight. The polar regions are cold because there’s less sunlight. And that allows big ice caps to build up on Antarctica and up in the Northern Hemisphere.

LFIB-198

LFIB-176

A massive tow truck worked Saturday to remove the remains of a burned-out oil tanker that exploded in a giant fireball overnight near the capital of Sierra Leone. Reuters David Doyle has more. Deputy Health Minister Amara Jambai said the death toll currently stands at 99 with more than 100 people being treated in hospitals and clinics across the capital, Freetown. In a video from the scene shared online, the head of the National Disaster Management Agency, Brima Bureh Sisay, said “We’ve got so many casualties, burnt corpses,” adding “It’s a terrible, terrible accident.” Freetown’s mayor said the extent of the damage from Friday’s explosion was not yet known, adding that police and her deputy were at the scene to assist disaster management officials.

HCS-11

Note: Real Audio – Real Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Writing a survey requires a lot of planning and knowledge, and is a skill that has been researched extensively. Having a brief, organized and plain-spoken survey has been proven to yield high results. Phrasing questions appropriately without participants, as well as providing them with deadlines and clear instructions on how to complete the survey ensures better responses.
There are several considerations to review before developing an effective survey. Depending on the audience, choosing longer, more technical questions could be appropriate. Clear organization and grouping are always a requirement, and providing participants with a choice of deadlines to complete a survey yields great results. The day of the week is even a consideration when administering a survey.
Constructing an effective survey is something that takes a lot of time. There are lots of rules that must be researched before developing a survey. Rules change depending on the type of information desired, and no particular strategy applies to all surveys. The types of question to ask, how to ask them, and when, and unique.
Surveys can be manipulated to yield a variety of results. Better surveys are ones that are usually brief in nature, with specific and technical questions directed at focused groups of participants. Arranging questions in a logical order provides, an attractive quality to the survey, and allowing people unlimited time to complete a survey ensures a higher amount of return.

HCS-35

Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Animals learn to interact with others, thanks to instinct mechanism inside them, and sociologists believe this ability is an equal part between nurture and nature.
Sociologists pay more attention to the nurture part of humans’ behavior, the things that we gradually learn and master via interactions with the surrounding environment.
Since birds manage to build their nests even without parents, which is due to their nature part, sociologists highlight the importance of nature part over nurture one.
Social science is about the relationship between nature and nurture, and usually, that relationship is blurred by examples in the wildlife.

LMCSA-16

What is the speaker main point about privately controlled media in the first part? (Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

private information can be handed over to corporations.
media can control over the doctrinal system, especially public expense
private power is profitable for analysts
it is not a good idea when media systems are in the hands of private tyranny.

LMCSA-48

According to the speaker, what is the interesting bibliology about Robert Frost? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

It is still popular with readers.
It is sometimes hard for readers to appreciate
It has often been missed in the period.
It has become symbolic of an era.

SMW-38

register a new position
use my knowledge for the current job
deny to take another job
learn something new on a day-to-day basis

SMW-48

instead of only research subjects.
who wins their final benefits.
in previous fatalities.
who haven’t been studied.
unable to treat themselves.

HIW-63

Human beings are thinking species • creatures. Every moment of every day, our bodies • minds are working to make sense out of what we see and experience. While this may seem obvious, it is one of the less • least understood principles in our psychological makeup. Yet understanding the nature of thought is the foundation to living a fully functional and happy life. Thinking is an capability • ability, a function of human consequences • consciousness.
(Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

HIW-30

The computer inside keeps call • count of what happens every day, it keeps count of the daily transaction unit • limit, and if a smart card detects on its own that it’s been enrolled • involved with over 1,000 Euros worth of transactions, it will actually suck • shut itself down, it will flag the fact to the merchant, or it will create some sort of extension • exception so that that can be investigated. (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

WFD-1941

Our college is authorized by the state department of education.

WFD-422

Those who are considering a career of marketing should attend the talk.

WFD-1728

He failed to pass the exam because of his carelessness.

WFD-574

You must change your password every month.

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 5

NHẤN VÀO ĐÂY ĐỂ NGHE AUDIO ĐỀ THI PTE 5

KỸ NĂNG: Speaking

RA-633

This report includes a huge swath of macroeconomics, such as the effects of tax reform, a new industrial policy, and understanding how to deal with the uncertainty inherent in global financial market. But it also covers key areas of microeconomic policies, such as boosting laggardly rates of productivity.

RA-319

Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality. They are the invisible scaffold that frames the behaviour of individuals so that the collective can function in a frictionless and productive way. But the rigour of these rules and the exactitude with which they are enforced varies dramatically. Some nations tolerate singing in an elevator, swearing during an interview or entering a bank barefoot, for example, while others frown upon such behaviours.

RA-91

Surprisingly, despite what appear to be infinite variations, all difficult conversations share a common structure. When you’re caught up in the details and anxiety of a particular difficult conversation, this structure is hard to see. But understanding that structure is essential to improving how you handle your most challenging conversations.

RA-2

RA-282

Tidal energy, also known as tidal power, is a renewable source of energy and a form of hydropower used to generate electricity from the energy of the tides. Though not currently widely utilised, due to high costs and limited availability, it can be called the energy resource of the future given the current rate of depletion of energy resources.

RA-526

If you do experience a motorcycle crash, be aware the other driver will most likely blame you for the accident. This includes the road, road conditions, any skid marks, road signs, construction, and anything else that may have contributed to the accident. Not every accident requires an attorney but a knowledgeable local attorney can help you make sense of the process, as well as ensure that the other driver’s insurance doesn’t unfairly blame you for the accident.

RS-1682

This school has provided its teachers with ten more days of sick leave.

RS-1824

This meeting has been hosted by a motivational speaker.

RS-1991

Children need books in their own language with settings that reflect their lives.

RS-119

Please take these up to Mr. Mitchell in the chemistry lab.

RS-757

2000 years ago, there were few people in the world.

RS-494

I guess the only way to make up for all the lost time is by doing overtime.

RS-1703

He has carried out extensive research into renewable energy sources.

RS-2038

Our beach house is just a couple of miles from the ocean.

RS-1099

Please write your name on the essay cover sheet.

RS-508

I’ve had a very happy childhood so I sometimes forget that others haven’t.

DI-135

Suggested keywords: The, process, of, oil, extraction, water, sea, ship, boat, platform, leak, submarine, arrows, offshore, drilling, ocean, rig, stations, tanker, floating, production, storage, and, offloading, subsea, manifold, injection

DI-215

Suggested keywords: Projected, population, australia, series, a, b, c, at, 30, june, line, million, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 2001, 2021, 2041, 2061, 2081, 2101

DI-12

Suggested keywords: Crown, leaves, twig, branch, trunk, roots, tree, earth

DI-228

Suggested keywords: what, determines, happiness, intetional, activities, percent, 40, genetic, set, point, 50, 10, life, circumstances

RL-37

Indeed, the library. We’ve all been to a historic library. We’ve all enjoyed the smell of a historic library. But what is it? And what does it mean? When we’ve recently, when at UCL Center for Sustainable Heritage, we’ve recently been asked to access the environment at another historical library at Saint Paul’s Cathedral, the Wren Library, an incredible place. And it has a such an intensive smell of old books. And we were also asked for the first time really I was actually taken aback by the brief, we were asked whatever you do please preserve the smell. It is so important to our audience. It is so important how people perceive the library. So that is, that was quite an important message in our research. And indeed, the smell is an important way of how we communicate with the environment. This piece of research was done by an advertising company because advertisers are so interested in how we how we interact with each other and the environment. And we see that the majority of people use sight obviously to interact with the environment, but on the second place, we see the smell is also very, very important.

RL-87

Quantum foam is an idea that emerges from the application of quantum physics to the fabric of space and time itself. You see Einstein taught us in general activity that space and time are not in an inert backdrop. They participate in an unfolding of the cosmos space and time can warp and curve that creates the force of gravity. When you recognize that space and time are dynamic, they can change that they’re real physical entities. Well, they must be subject to the laws of quantum physics. And the key element of quantum physics it’s relevant is the uncertainty principle. When applying to the space and time, it’s a space and time are uncertain which means they can wildly fluctuate. They can in a sense look like the violently boiling surface of a pot of water. When you examine space and time and fantastically small scales. So the idea is that if you examine space in small and small scales, not everyday scales, but tiny scales the uncertainty gets bigger and bigger and space and time became foam-like. They look bubbly. They look phonetic undulating. That’s quantum foam down of the ultra microscopic scale that we’ve been struggling to deal with for decades because the math Einstein doesn’t work down there. The math quantum mechanics and the math Einstein lock horns, we’ve been trying to resolve that conflict in the essence to understand what truly is going on with the quantum foam.

ASQ-706

What do we call a person who buy things in a shop?
—
Customer / buyer / shopper.

ASQ-899

Who reads the news on television?
—
Newsreader / viewer / viewers / newscaster.

ASQ-856

What do we call a person who accesses others’ computer systems without permission?
—
Hacker.

ASQ-688

What do we call a political institution or body that is responsible for a country?
—
Government.

ASQ-218

Where do we find urban areas – in a city or countryside?
—
In a city

ASQ-1080

What do we call the length of a line that goes around a circle or any other curved shape?
—
Circumference/ Perimeter.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 1

SWT-176

As an art, architecture is essentially abstract and nonrepresentational and involves the manipulation of the relationships of spaces, volumes, planes, masses, and voids. Time is also an important factor in architecture, since a building is usually comprehended in a succession of experiences rather than all at once. In most architecture there is no one vantage point from which the whole structure can be understood. The use of light and shadow, as well as surface decoration, can greatly enhance a structure.

The analysis of building types provides an insight into past cultures and eras. Behind each of the greater styles lies not a casual trend nor a vogue, but a period of serious and urgent experimentation directed toward answering the needs of a specific way of life. Climate, methods of labor, available materials, and economy of means all impose their dictates. Each of the greater styles has been aided by the discovery of new construction methods. Once developed, a method survives tenaciously, giving way only when social changes or new building techniques have reduced it. That evolutionary process is exemplified by the history of modern architecture, which developed from the first uses of structural iron and steel in the mid-19th cent.

Writing – Summarize Written Text 2

SWT-19

Although we tend to think of electric cars as being something completely modern, they were in fact some of the earliest types of motorized vehicle. At the beginning of the twentieth-century electric cars were actually more popular than cars with an internal combustion engine as they were more comfortable to ride in. However, as cars fueled by petrol increased in importance, electric cars declined. The situation became such that electric vehicles were only used for certain specific purposes – as fork-lift trucks, ambulances and urban delivery vehicles, for example.

Although electricity declined in use in road vehicles, it steadily grew in importance as a means of powering trains. Switzerland, for example, was quick to develop an electrified train system, encouraged in this no doubt by the fact that it had no coal or oil resources of its own.

Nowadays there is renewed interest in electricity as a means of powering road vehicles. Why is this case? Well, undoubtedly economic reasons are of considerable importance. The cost of oil has risen so sharply that there is a strong financial imperative to look for an alternative. However, there are also environmental motivations. Emissions from cars re-blamed in large part for – among other things – the destruction of the ozone layer and the resultant rise in temperatures in the Polar Regions. A desire not to let things get any worse is also encouraging research into designing effective electric transport.

KỸ NĂNG: Writing – Essay

ESSAY-151

Imagine that you have been assigned to work on the study of climate change. Which area of study would you choose to focus on and why? Give example using your chosen area of study.

Reading

RFIB-222

Psychology as a subject of study has largely developed in the West, since the late nineteenth century. During this period, there has been an emphasis on scientific thinking. Because of this emphasis, there have been many scientific studies in psychology which create • explore • invent • magnify different aspects of human nature. These include studies into how biology (physical factors) influence human experience, how people use theircopes • feelings • grasps • senses (touch, taste, smell, sight and hearing) to get to know the world, how people develop, why people behave in certain ways, how memory works, how people develop language, how people understand and think about the world, what motivates people, why people have emotions and how personality develops. These scientific investigations • judgements • laboratories • results all contribute to an understanding of human nature. What do we mean by the practical applications of these studies? A/An arranging • empathising • operating • understanding of psychology is useful in many different areas in life, such as education, the workplace, social services and medicine. This means that people who have knowledge of psychology can attempt • learn • send • use or apply that knowledge in areas such as the ones listed above.

RFIB-148

A popular tree grows twice as well in the New York metropolitan sprawl as in rural New York State, according to a new test. Clones of an Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) in the Bronx and other city spots grew to double the biomass of clones built • dispersed • planted • pollinated outside small towns upstate or on Long Island, says Jillian Gregg, now of the Environmental Protection Agency’s western-ecology division in Corvallis, Ore. The growth gap comes from ozone damage, she and her New York colleagues report. Ozone chemists have known that concentrations • fluctuation • institutions • vocation may spike skyscraper high in city air, but during a full 24 hours, rural trees actually get a higher cumulative ozone exposure from urban pollution that blows • exists • shows • takes in and lingers. A series of new experiments now shows that this hangaround ozone is the outdated • outdoing • outweighing • overwhelming factor in tree growth, the researchers say in the July 10 Nature. “This study has profound importance in showing us most vividly that rural areas impose • indulge • pay • spend the price for urban pollution,” says Stephen P. Long of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. “This work should be a wake-up call,” he adds. Earlier studies had fingered car fumes, heavy metals in soils, and other cityscape menaces to plant life. Yet some urban quirks, such as extra warmth and increased concentrations of carbon dioxide, may boost plant growth.

RFIB-449

Because the instructional methods, expected class participation, and the nature of the courses vary, no fixed number of absences is applicable • exceptional • exempt • ubiquitous to all situations. Each instructor is negligible • respectful • responsible • sensitive for making clear to the class at the beginning of the semester his or her features • policies • stereotypes • tempers and procedures in addition • correspondence • proportion • regard to class attendance and the reasons for them.

RFIB-202

A mini helicopter modelled on flying tree seeds could soon be flying overhead. Evan Ulrich and colleagues at the University of Maryland in College Park headed • intended • turned • went to the biological world for inspiration to build a scaled-down helicopter that could mimic the properties of full-size aircraft. The complex concern • design • property • substance of full-size helicopters gets less efficient when shrunk, concerning • meaning • so • telling that standard mini helicopters expend most of their power simply fighting to stay stable in the air. The researchers realised that a simpler aircraft designed to stay stable passively would use much less power and reduce manufacturing costs to boot. It turns out that nature had beaten • had been beaten • will be beaten • will beat them to it. The seeds of trees such as the maple have a single-blade structure that allows • drives • intend • lets them to fly far away and drift safely to the ground. These seeds, known as samaras, need no engine to float • spin • split • use through the air, thanks to a process called autorotation. By analysing the behaviour of the samara with high-speed cameras, Ulrich and his team were able to copy its design. The samara copter is not the first single-winged helicopter – one was flown in 1952, and others have been attempted since – but it is the first to take advantage of the samara’s autorotation. This allows Ulrich’s vehicle to perform some neat tricks, such as falling safely to the ground if its motor fails or using vertical columns of air to stay aloft indefinitely. “We can turn off the motor and autorotate, which requires no power to sustain,” says Ulrich.

RFIB-85

Omniscience may be a foible of men, but it is not so of books. Knowledge, as Johnson said, is of two ends • kinds • needs • uses, you may know a thing yourself, and you may know where to find it. Now the amount which you may actually know yourself must, at its best, be limited, but what you may know of the sauces • sausages • soups • sources of information may, with proper training, become almost boundless. And here come the authors • comics • cost • value and use of reference books – the working of one book in connection with another – and applying your own intellection • intellectual • intelligence • intelligibility to both. By this means we get as near to that omniscient volume which tells everything as ever we shall get, and although the single volume or work which tells everything does not exist, there is a vast number of reference books in existence, a knowledgeable and proper use of which is essential to every intelligent person. Necessary as I believe reference books to be, they can easily be made to be contributory • dictionary • introductory • revolutionary to idleness, and too mechanical a use should not be made of them. Very admirable reference books come to us from America, where great industries are shown, and funds for publishing them never seem to be short. The French, too, are excellent at reference books, but the inferior way in which they are printed makes them tiresome to refer to.

RFIB-395

Leadership is all about being granted permission by others to lead their thinking. It is a bestowed moral authority that gives the right to organize and direct the efforts of others. But moral authority does not come from simply managing people effectively or communicating better or being able to motivate. It comes from many derivatives • outcomes • resources • sources, including being authentic and genuine, having integrity, and showing a real and deep understanding of the business in question. All these factors • functions • origins • senses build confidence. Leaders lose moral authority for three reasons: they behave eternally • falsely • outrageously • unethically, they become plagued by self-doubt and lose their conviction, or they are blinded by power, lose self-awareness and thus lose confirmation • connection • contempt • conviction with those they lead as the context around them changes. Having said all this, it has to be assumed that if someone becomes a leader, at some point they understood the difference between right and wrong. It is up to them to abide • coincide • conform • stand by a moral code and up to us to ensure that the moment we suspect they do not, we fire them or vote them out.

RMCMA-88

The author uses the word “invasion” to ____________

Numerically support scientist’s findings.
Offer a visual description of the numerous jellyfish
Clarity how the numbers of jellyfish indicate danger
Question whether jellyfish are actually becoming more dangerous
Warns swimmers of the dangers of jellyfish

RMCMA-59

They are not renowned for their brainpower, but pigeons may be as smart as monkeys when it comes to arithmetic. Three pigeons were shown a computer screen displaying images with one, two or three shapes and trained to list the shapes in ascending order. To receive a reward of wheat, the birds learned to peck the images in the correct order. Moreover, after they had learned this skill, the birds could perform the task with pairs of images containing anything from one to nine objects. Two rhesus monkeys were the first non-human animals to perform this task in an experiment in 1998. The pigeons are the first non-primates to manage it. “We show they can apply what they have learned with a small set of numbers – from one to three – to numbers they’ve not seen before,” says lead researcher Damian Scarf of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. “The learning and applying of abstract numerical rules is not unique to primates.” “Their performance was indistinguishable from that of the two rhesus monkeys,” adds Scarf. “The machinery required for numerical competence is present in the pigeon brain – a brain much different in structure from our own,” says Scarf. “Evidence from non mammalian vertebrates, such as birds, is particularly valuable for examining the evolutionary history of cognitive processes,” says Rosa Rugani of the University of Trento in Italy, who in 2010 showed that chicks could count from left to right.

According to the text, which of the following are true about pigeons?

They can count from left to right.
They can perform tasks involving numbers they’ve never seen before.
They are actually smarter than primates.
Their brains are structured quite similarly to human brains.
They are the first non-human animals to be able to list groups of shapes in ascending order
They are normally thought of as not very smart.
They are able to learn abstract numerical rules.

ROP-1

In “Easier Said Than Done”, we set out some of the reasons why we might find it hard to live in a healthy way, exercising, eating well, getting adequate sleep, and checking for early warning symptoms.
Perhaps most importantly, we look to the field of behavioral science for strategies that people can use to overcome those hurdles and to initiate lifestyle changes.
These include Commitment devices, where we make it very unattractive to not follow through on an intention; and temptation bundling, where we pair an indulgent behavior with a prudent one.
Changing existing behavior can be a difficult task, but with the help of these strategies, new behaviors can become habitual, facilitating a long-term sustained healthy lifestyle.

ĐÁP ÁN GỢI Ý:

Changing existing behavior can be a difficult task, but with the help of these strategies, new behaviors can become habitual, facilitating a long-term sustained healthy lifestyle. In “Easier Said Than Done”, we set out some of the reasons why we might find it hard to live in a healthy way, exercising, eating well, getting adequate sleep, and checking for early warning symptoms. Perhaps most importantly, we look to the field of behavioral science for strategies that people can use to overcome those hurdles and to initiate lifestyle changes. These include Commitment devices, where we make it very unattractive to not follow through on an intention; and temptation bundling, where we pair an indulgent behavior with a prudent one.
ROP-7

In the lobby of Google’s headquarters in Mountain View, California, computer screens display lists of the words being entered into the company’s search engine.
Although Google says the system is designed to filter out any scandalous or potentially compromising queries, the fact that even a fraction of searches can be seen by visitors to the world’s biggest search company is likely to come as a shock to internet users who think of web browsing as a private affair.
That may be changing.
Over the past year, a series of privacy gaffes and government attempts to gain access to internet users’ online histories have, along with consolidation among online search and advertising groups, thrust the issue of internet privacy into the spotlight.
This presents a challenge to Google and other internet search companies, which have built a multi-billion dollar industry out of targeted advertising based on the information users reveal about themselves online.

ĐÁP ÁN GỢI Ý:

Although Google says the system is designed to filter out any scandalous or potentially compromising queries, the fact that even a fraction of searches can be seen by visitors to the world’s biggest search company is likely to come as a shock to internet users who think of web browsing as a private affair. In the lobby of Google’s headquarters in Mountain View, California, computer screens display lists of the words being entered into the company’s search engine. Over the past year, a series of privacy gaffes and government attempts to gain access to internet users’ online histories have, along with consolidation among online search and advertising groups, thrust the issue of internet privacy into the spotlight. That may be changing. This presents a challenge to Google and other internet search companies, which have built a multi-billion dollar industry out of targeted advertising based on the information users reveal about themselves online.

DD-253

Disadvantage in early childhood poses multiple risks to children’s development. Factors such as low socioeconomic status, long-term unemployment of parents, and social isolation may have lasting impacts on a child’s chance of reaching their full potential. Whilst not eliminating disadvantage, preschool education can help to lessen the effects of these risk factors and can provide children with a better start to school. However, some of these factors may also be barriers to preschool attendance for groups that would benefit most from preschool education. In Australia, the early years of children’s education is the responsibility of man government and non-government agencies and it occurs in a range of settings. Preschool is aimed at children around four years of age to prepare them for compulsory schooling from the age of six years. In most states and territories, children can start full-time schooling at five years of age, when they enroll in a kindergarten or preparatory year. In 2001 Just over half of five-year olds (57%) were at school with about a third (34%) attending preschool. While in some states and territories children can commence preschool before they turn four, participation rates for three-year olds are much lower than four-year olds (24% compared with 56% for four-year olds in 2001). The preschool participation rate of four-year olds in 2001 (56%) was similar to the rate in 1991 (58%).

Other Options

Consecutive | involve

DD-122

It is commonly said by anthropologists that the primitive man is less individual and more completely moulded by his society than civilized man. This contains an element of truth. Simpler societies are more uniform, in the sense that they call for, and provide opportunities for, a far smaller diversity of individual skills and occupations than the most complex and advanced societies. Increasing individualization in this sense is a necessary product of modern advanced society and runs through all its activities from top to bottom.

Other Options

DD-22

Exposure to gun violence makes adolescents twice as likely to perpetrate serious violence in the next two years, according to a University of Michigan study. Researchers found there is a substantial cause and effect relationship between exposure and perpetration of violence. Jeffrey B. Bingenheimer, a doctoral student in health behaviour and health education, analysed five years of data from adolescents living in 78 neighbourhoods in Chicago. Bingenheimer is lead author on a paper in this week’s journal Science.

Other Options

Frozen | gap | permanently

DD-103

With the increase in women’s participation in the labor force, many mothers have less time available to undertake domestic activities. At the same time, there has been increasing recognition that the father’s role and relationship with a child is important. A father can have many roles in the family, ranging from income provider to teacher, carer, playmate and role model. Therefore, balancing paid work and family responsibilities can be an important issue for both fathers and mothers in families.

Other Options

Children | demand | housework

DD-53

Although for centuries preparations derived from living matter were applied to wounds to destroy infection, the fact that a microorganism is capable of destroying one of another species was not established until the latter half of the 19th cent, when Pasteur noted the antagonistic effect of other bacteria on the anthrax organism and pointed out that this action might be put to therapeutic use.

Other Options

Able | deprived | stock

RMCSA-114

The Internet is the largest library in the history of the world and a great source for anyone seeking information. But doing research on the Internet is not without its risk. In recent years, plagiarism from online sources has become a serious problem, especially among students.

Original written work and information are protected by copyright laws, like original inventions. Therefore, when you reference or use information you find while doing research, you should always give credit to the person or organization that produced it. To plagiarize is to use ideas that are not your own without giving credit to the original source, or to claim that someone else’s ideas are your own. It is akin to stealing someone else’s work. For example, if a student reads three articles and uses ideas from the articles to make his arguments in an essay without quoting or citing from the original work, the student is plagiarizing.

What is NOT considered plagiarism?

The student describes someone else’s ideas in his words without giving credit.
The student uses a quote from a book and forgets to mention the original source.
The student cites a few authors, then arrives at his own conclusion about the topic.
The student mixes up source material with his original ideas.

RMCSA-31

The most obvious effect of birth control pills is, well…birth control. But the pill may have subtler effects, too. Like influencing which guy a woman goes for, and her satisfaction with him—in bed and out. So says a study in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

Researchers quizzed 2,500 mothers on their relationship satisfaction. And they found that women who met Mr. Right while on the pill were happier with their partner’s “daddy credentials”—finances, intelligence and so on. But the same women were less satisfied in the sack than non-pill-takers, rating their mates as less sexually adventurous or attractive.

So why the sizzle fizzle? Previous studies suggest women are attracted to men genetically different from themselves—which ups the odds of a healthy kid—but on birth control, the opposite seems true. So the authors say the pill might interfere with a woman’s innate sense of sexual chemistry.

But the pill has its perks. Women stayed together longer with partners they met while on the pill, and were less likely to want a separation. Either way, this study suggests the pill is more than just birth control. It could be boyfriend control, too.

According to the study, women on birth control pills tend to select what kind of men?

Men who are financially stable and more sexually satisfying.
Men who are genetically different from them.
Men who are more likely to be good fathers but who are less satisfying in bed.
Men they are more likely to separate from later.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 1

SST-241

Question: what’s the most abundant energy source in our solar system? Here’s a hint. It’s 1 million times bigger than the earth, and without it our planet would be a dark, cold rock floating in space. You guessed it. The incredible brilliant Sun. The earth gets more energy from this ball of fire and gas in one day than the whole world’s population uses in an entire year. Every living thing depends on the Sun for its existence, from tiny microbes deep in the ocean, to plants, animals, and people.
Humans have been tinkering with solar energy since the dawn of time. Ancient civilizations use glass and mirrors to light fires, but it wasn’t until the 1950s that technology was developed to convert the sun’s energy into electricity using photovoltaic cells. Today solar technology is more efficient and less expensive, and is used all around the globe to create electricity, heat water, cook food, and even power vehicles. So how does solar panels usually work? When the Sun hits a solar panel, material inside, usually silicon, absorbs the energy. This causes the electrons and it’s atoms to get very excited and start dancing around. The atoms then get hot and shed the electrons, which travel out of the panel through copper wiring and ZAP we have electricity.
A control device, called an inverter, changes this electricity from direct current to the alternating current we use. The electricity then passes from breaker boxes to outlets and into electrical items, like your computer and lights. Whatever you don’t use can go back into the grid to be used by someone else. So there you have it – the amazing power of the Sun.

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 2

SST-122

During the time of the Aztecs, cocoa was mainly used as a beverage. Wines and drinks were made from white pulp around the seeds of the cocoa pod. The beans themselves were used to make hot or cold chocolate drinks. Both the Maya and the Aztec secular drinks used roasted cocoa beans, a foaming agent sugar, toasted corn and water. Vanilla and/or chilli were also used as an ingredient in the drinks. Cocoa beans were also used as a currency and as a tribute tax from peoples ruled by Aztecs. The oily layer floating in the chocolate drink, cocoa butter, was used to protect the skin against the sun. For the Aztecs cocoa had religious significance. Cocoa was believed to be of divine origin: the cocoa tree was a bridge between earth and heaven. (Human sacrifices to propitiate God or Sun were first sanctified by giving him chocolate. Cocoa beans were given to priest’s assistants at children’s coming of age ceremonies. During marriage ceremonies, the couple drank a symbolic cup of chocolate and exchanged cocoa beans. Aztecs believed that drinking chocolate gave mortals some of Quetzalcoatl wisdom. – God of learning and of the wind.)

Listening

LMCMA-15

What does the teacher suggest the women should do? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Revise her essay.
Make the structure of the essay clear for the readers
Collate her information better.
Signpost her grammar.
Use headings to introduce the various topics she’ll be discussing.
Thinks about his idea but not rewrite the whole work

LMCMA-25

Which answers does the speaker cite in support of his view that artistic tastes are affected by the cultural context? (Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Loving Schoenberg and disliking Brahms
Loving Jackson Pollock
Loving abstraction and disliking representation
Disliking Mark Rothko
Disliking Jackson and Mark Rothko

LFIB-55

Now we come right out of the woods. Transpiration is the passive process by which water moves from the wetness of the soil up a plant and into the air via the leaves. We’ve known about it for years and you probably haven’t thought about it since school. The assumption is that transpiration works by a wick effect, where the negative pressure of the water in the leaves draws up water from the roots but until now it has been impossible to replicate this process in the lab. Abraham Stroock and Tobias Wheeler from Cornell University in New York have constructed a fake plastic tree which emulates the natural process. I spoke to Abraham Stroock and started by asking why synthetic transpiration has been such a tall order.

LFIB-174

Two decades ago, Kashmiri houseboat-owners rubbed their hands every spring at the prospect of the annual influx of tourists . From May to October, the hyacinth-choked waters of Dal Lake saw flotillas of vividly painted Shikaras carrying Indian families, boho westerners, young travelers and wide-eyed Japanese. Carpet-sellers honed their skills, as did purveyors of anything remotely embroidered while the house boats initiated by the British Raj provided unusual accommodation. Then, in 1989, separatist and Islamist militancy attacked and everything changed. Hindus and countless Kashmiri business people bolted, at least 35,000 people were killed in a decade, the lake stagnated, and the houseboats rotted. Any foreigners venturing there risked their lives , proved in 1995 when five young Europeans were kidnapped and murdered.

LFIB-183

Even if the distribution of women’s occupations matched that of men—”if women were the doctors and men were the nurses”—she calculates that at most a third of the pay gap would disappear. The most important cause is that women curtail their careers as a part of a rational household response to labour markets, which generously reward anyone, male or female, who is willing to hold down what Ms Goldin calls a “greedy job”. These are roles, such as those in law, accountancy and finance, that demand long and unpredictable hours. Parents need somebody to be on-call at home in case a child falls ill and needs picking up from school, or needs cheering on at a concert or football match.

HCS-54

Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Digital media is incredibly important and the internet helps people connect faster and quicker with more available information. Knowledge also grows in a way that people can find it challenging to understand.
Digital media plays a crucial role in connecting people and sharing information widely. Scientists are able to conduct more research on how digital media impact the way people gain knowledge.
Digital media is important in making discoveries more quickly, which can be very helpful for scientists because the more people joining to solve a particular problem, the better.
Digital media can be very useful in sharing knowledge and news more widely and making information available to scientists, which can bring so many benefits for people learning and working around the world.

HCS-21

Note: Real Audio – Suggested Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

Utilizing models is one of the approaches to understand how supply and demand are brought together. Google Maps is a typical example demonstrating how people can get pick up the nuance of the supply and the demand.
Supply and demand is not a new concept of economic. What actually builds up the relationship between two important sides of the market depends on how the scare resources get allocated. Roadmap is a great example of this as it represents how detailed the information is.
Models can be used to understand how the two sides of the market including supply and demand are brought together. How the scarce resources can be allocated is believed a conceptual view. Roadmap is a great illustration to demonstrate that not everything can be represented visually.
Supply and demand is a conceptual view of the world and it should be examined by using models. Google Maps can use satellite representation to demonstrate all details such as parks, schools and so forth. However, at the level of resolution, that would be a national security violation.

LMCSA-66

According to the speaker, what will happen to global fish production by 2030? (Note: Real Audio – Real Options) (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

capture fisheries will experience a significant growth
there is likely to be a shortage of fish
aquaculture will account for a smaller portion of the market.
supply will have kept pace with demand

LMCSA-73

The speaker’s purpose in this lecture is to____ Note: Real Audio – Real Options (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

give a detailed history of female religious leaders
discuss women’s contributions to interfaith dialogues
compare differences religious traditions across the world
discuss her personal religious beliefs

SMW-21

changed
raised
declined
stopped

SMW-26

accept
follow
repeat
continue

HIW-22

I mean, it saves so much time if you just include the page numbers for any written • quotes that you’ve written down everything. Have you been doing that?

No, I haven’t actually. I’ve been keeping a note of the books and obviously who wrote them and their creators • editors and things like that, but no, I haven’t been keeping the real • actual page numbers.

Right, well, just from my own experience when I was a post grad, I found that I just wasted so much time when I had to go back because the thing is, you will have to advice • revise the work that you do. And you can have • save so much time if you’ve actually got all the page numbers written down as well, because it means you can go back to the correct • exact quote that you found and work on it there. (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

HIW-23

The extra lecture will take place on a Tuesday • Wednesday but I’m not sure exactly when it’s going to be or where, but I will let you know that our research you can all just keep an eye on your mails • emails. This is how will let you know any changes to the course. Right. So beginning with the outcome • outline, we’re going to be looking at different types of psychological • historical research. The strengths and drawbacks of it. Yes, back row. (Practice materials are compiled by PTE Helper)

WFD-1750

It’s getting more and more difficult to recruit experienced staff.

WFD-499

The local government has adopted a plan for infrastructure development.

WFD-830

Plants are living things that can grow on land or in water.

WFD-1030

The meeting has some struggling overlaps.

Lời Kết

Để đạt kết quả tốt nhất cho kỳ thi PTE, các bạn nên thực hành trên phần mềm thi thử miễn phí PTE.Tools. PTE.Tools là phần mềm số 1 thị trường hiện nay, mô phỏng đến 99% giao diện bài thi PTE cùng với 100% câu hỏi từ đề thi thật. Vì vậy, các bạn hoàn toàn được trải nghiệm cảm giác phòng thi. Giúp bạn rút ngắn thời gian đạt điểm số mong muốn.

Chúc bạn sớm đạt kết quả!

Một số kinh nghiệm luyện thi PTE mà bạn không thể bỏ qua:

Lời khuyên từ chuyên gia

Nhận tài liệu học PTE và tin tức visa miễn phí từ chuyên gia đầu ngành tại:

Nếu bạn mới bắt đầu tìm hiểu hoặc đang ôn luyện thi PTE thì nên

Để được trao đổi trực tiếp với các bạn đã đạt điểm thi PTE thành công
Nhận các mẹo thi, kinh nghiệm rút ngắn thời gian lấy chứng chỉ tiếng Anh cho mục đích nhập học các trường quốc tế, du học, làm việc hay định cư chỉ trong vòng 2-3 tháng.
Các hoạt động bổ sung kiến thức hữu ích hàng tuần từ thầy cô hoàn toàn miễn phí.

Bạn có muốn tìm hiểu thêm về bài thi PTE đã giúp hàng ngàn bạn nhập học/ tốt nghiệp ở các trường tại Việt Nam, đi du học, làm việc và định cư dễ dàng trong thời gian ngắn không? Lý do gì đã khiến bài thi này là giải pháp hoàn hảo thay thế các chứng chỉ tiếng Anh khác?

Bạn đang băn khoăn?

Không biết nên chọn chứng chỉ PTE hay chứng chỉ khác sẽ tiết kiệm thời gian hơn?
Không biết kỳ thi PTE có thật sự dễ lấy điểm hơn các kỳ thi khác?
Không biết kỳ thi PTE có phù hợp với khả năng của bạn?
Chưa rõ trình độ hiện tại của bản thân?

Hãy thử làm bài kiểm tra tiếng Anh Miễn Phí 30 phút bên dưới nhé. Các giáo viên đầu ngành tại PTE HELPER sẽ giúp bạn hiểu rõ về trình độ hiện tại. Và chỉ ra lộ trình học phù hợp nhất với khả năng và thời gian của bạn; nhằm giúp bạn đạt được điểm PTE mong muốn trong thời gian sớm nhất.

Đề Tủ PTE

2. TỔNG HỢP 5 BỘ ĐỀ PTE HAY NHẤT

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 1

Other Options

Other Options

Other Options

Other Options

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 2

RFIB-11

RFIB-51

RFIB-146

RFIB-461

RFIB-336

Other Options

Other Options

DD-131

Other Options

DD-266

Other Options

DD-217

Other Options

LFIB-59

LFIB-195

HIW-106

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 3

RFIB-342

RFIB-39

RFIB-120

RFIB-267

RFIB-406

Other Options

DD-309

Other Options

DD-260

Other Options

DD-303

Other Options

DD-81

Other Options

LFIB-182

LFIB-111

HIW-36

Bộ Đề PTE Hay Gặp 4

RL-53

ASQ-409

ASQ-350

ASQ-1013

ASQ-295

ASQ-274

ASQ-774

RFIB-160

RFIB-42

RFIB-447

RFIB-127

RFIB-99

RMCMA-11

RMCMA-49

ROP-110

ROP-183

DD-281

Other Options

DD-233

Other Options

DD-135

Other Options

DD-26

Other Options

DD-54

Other Options

RMCSA-23

RMCSA-110

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 1

SST-22

Listening – Summarize Spoken Text 2

SST-25

Listening

LMCMA-32

LMCMA-72

LFIB-144

LFIB-198